γ neuromodulations: unraveling biomarkers for neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Journal: Military Medical Research
Published Date: Jun 27, 2025

Abstract

γ neuromodulation has emerged as a promising strategy for addressing neurological and psychiatric disorders, particularly in regulating executive and cognitive functions. This review explores the latest neuromodulation techniques, focusing on the critical role of γ oscillations in various brain disorders. Direct γ neuromodulation induces γ-frequency oscillations to synchronize disrupted brain networks, while indirect methods influence γ oscillations by modulating cortical excitability. We investigate how monitoring dynamic features of γ oscillations allows for detailed evaluations of neuromodulation effectiveness. By targeting γ oscillatory patterns and restoring healthy cross-frequency coupling, interventions may alleviate cognitive and behavioral symptoms linked to disrupted communication. This review examines clinical applications of γ neuromodulations, including enhancing cognitive function through 40 Hz multisensory stimulation in Alzheimer's disease, improving motor function in Parkinson's disease, controlling seizures in epilepsy, and modulating emotional dysfunctions in depression. Additionally, these neuromodulation strategies aim to regulate excitatory-inhibitory imbalances and restore γ synchrony across neurological and psychiatric disorders. The review highlights the potential of γ oscillations as biomarkers to boost restorative results in clinical applications of neuromodulation. Future studies might focus on integrating multimodal personalized protocols, artificial intelligence (AI) driven frameworks for neural decoding, and global multicenter collaborations to standardize and scale precision treatments across diverse disorders.

Authors

  • Zhong-Peng Dai
    Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, 315300, Zhejiang, China.
  • Qiang Wen
    School of Artificial Intelligence and Big Data, Economic and Technological Development Zone, Hefei University, Hefei City, Anhui, China.
  • Ping Wu
  • Yan-Ni Zhang
    Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, 315300, Zhejiang, China.
  • Cai-Lian Fang
    Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
  • Meng-Yuan Dai
    Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, 323000, Zhejiang, China.
  • Hong-Liang Zhou
    Department of Psychology, the Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214062, Jiangsu, China.
  • Huan Wang
    Key Laboratory of Adaptation and Evolution of Plateau Biota (AEPB), Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qinghai, P. R. China.
  • Hao Tang
    Department of Urology, Eastern Theater General Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Nanjing， Jiangsu 210000, China.
  • Si-Qi Zhang
    Institutes Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, CNRS UMR 5229, Lyon, France.
  • Xiao-Kun Li
    The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China. xiaokunli@wmu.edu.cn.
  • Jian-Song Ji
    Department of Interventional Radiology, Zhejiang University Lishui Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui Central Hospital, Lishui, China.
  • Liu-Xi Chu
    Affiliated Cixi Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, 315300, Zhejiang, China. clx0605@wmu.edu.cn.
  • Zhou-Guang Wang
    The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China. wzhouguang@gmail.com.

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