Neurobiological support to the diagnosis of ADHD in stimulant-naïve adults: pattern recognition analyses of MRI data.

Journal: Acta psychiatrica Scandinavica
Published Date: Dec 1, 2017

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: In adulthood, the diagnosis of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been subject of recent controversy. We searched for a neuroanatomical signature associated with ADHD spectrum symptoms in adults by applying, for the first time, machine learning-based pattern classification methods to structural MRI and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) data obtained from stimulant-naïve adults with childhood-onset ADHD and healthy controls (HC).

Authors

  • T M Chaim-Avancini
    Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
  • J Doshi
    Section of Biomedical Image Analysis, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  • M V Zanetti
    Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
  • G Erus
    Section of Biomedical Image Analysis, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  • M A Silva
    Program for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (PRODATH), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
  • F L S Duran
    Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
  • M Cavallet
    Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
  • M H Serpa
    Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
  • S C Caetano
    Department of Psychiatry, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry Unit (UPIA), Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • M R Louza
    Program for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (PRODATH), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
  • C Davatzikos
    Section of Biomedical Image Analysis, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
  • G F Busatto
    Laboratory of Psychiatric Neuroimaging (LIM-21), Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

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