Developments in the follow-up of nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer: what did we learn in the last 24 months: a critical review.

Journal: Current opinion in urology
Published Date:

Abstract

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Patients with nonmuscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) have a high risk of recurrent tumors, even in spite of contemporary guideline recommended therapy. Follow-up recommendations are also clear (cystoscopy with cytology and upper urinary tract imaging in high-risk patients), but frequency and duration of follow-up are well defined. However, recent developments in follow-up tools might be of interest for clinical practice.

Authors

  • J Alfred Witjes
    Department of Urology, Radboudumc Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.