Electronic-Nose Technology for Lung Cancer Detection: A Non-Invasive Diagnostic Revolution.

Journal: Lung
Published Date: Jul 8, 2025

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Lung cancer (LC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, primarily due to late-stage diagnosis and the absence of effective early detection methods.

Authors

  • A M Dhanush Gowda
    Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
  • Akanksha D Dessai
    Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, Karnataka, India.
  • Usha Y Nayak
    Center for Drug Delivery Technologies, Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India. usha.nayak@manipal.edu.

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