Exosomal biomarkers in cancer: Insights from Multi-OMIC approaches.

Journal: Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry
Published Date: Sep 19, 2025

Abstract

Extracellular vesicles, particularly exosomes, are emerging as powerful tools in cancer research due to their role in intercellular communication and their capacity to reflect the molecular composition of their originating cells. Multi-omic approaches, including proteomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and lipidomics, have revolutionized exosome research, enabling the discovery of novel biomarkers for early cancer detection, prognosis, and therapeutic monitoring. This review highlights the clinical applications of omics-driven exosomal biomarkers, emphasizing their roles in immunotherapy, cancer progression, and metastasis. It also examines how artificial intelligence (AI) facilitates biomarker discovery by enabling the analysis of complex multi-omic datasets. Recent clinical trials discussed here further illustrate the potential of exosomes in non-invasive cancer diagnostics and treatment. Tumor-specific proteins, RNAs, metabolic, and lipid profiles associated with malignancy underscore the utility of exosomes in precision oncology. The continued integration of AI and omics technologies will accelerate their clinical translation in cancer research and personalized medicine.

Authors

  • Fatima M Al-Daffaie
    Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
  • Mariam M Al-Daffaie
    Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
  • Ahmad Y Abuhelwa
    Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
  • Mohammad A Y Alqudah
    Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid 22110, Jordan.
  • Shereen M Aleidi
    Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
  • Waseem El-Huneidi
    Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates.
  • Eman Abu-Gharbieh
    Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.
  • Karem H Alzoubi
    Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmacotherapeutics, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, 27272, United Arab Emirates.
  • Yasser Bustanji
    Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Department of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; School of Pharmacy, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan. Electronic address: [email protected].
  • Mohammad H Semreen
    Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates; Research Institute of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, United Arab Emirates. Electronic address: [email protected].

Keywords

External Resources

Popular Topics
Recent Journals