Clinical applications of machine learning in cardiovascular disease and its relevance to cardiac imaging.

Journal: European heart journal
Published Date: Jun 21, 2019

Abstract

Artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed key aspects of human life. Machine learning (ML), which is a subset of AI wherein machines autonomously acquire information by extracting patterns from large databases, has been increasingly used within the medical community, and specifically within the domain of cardiovascular diseases. In this review, we present a brief overview of ML methodologies that are used for the construction of inferential and predictive data-driven models. We highlight several domains of ML application such as echocardiography, electrocardiography, and recently developed non-invasive imaging modalities such as coronary artery calcium scoring and coronary computed tomography angiography. We conclude by reviewing the limitations associated with contemporary application of ML algorithms within the cardiovascular disease field.

Authors

  • Subhi J Al'Aref
    Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.
  • Khalil Anchouche
  • Gurpreet Singh
    Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117585, Singapore.
  • Piotr J Slomka
    Department of Imaging, Medicine, and Biomedical Sciences, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California Piotr.Slomka@cshs.org.
  • Kranthi K Kolli
    Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.
  • Amit Kumar
    Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
  • Mohit Pandey
    Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.
  • Gabriel Maliakal
    Dalio Institute of Cardiovascular Imaging, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, USA.
  • Alexander R van Rosendael
    Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital and Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
  • Ashley N Beecy
  • Daniel S Berman
    Departments of Imaging and Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
  • Jonathan Leipsic
    Departments of Medicine and Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
  • Koen Nieman
    Department of Cardiology (A.C., M.L.L., J.D., K.N.).
  • Daniele Andreini
    Division of Cardiology and Cardiac Imaging, IRCCS Ospedale Galeazzi - Sant'Ambrogio Milan, Italy.
  • Gianluca Pontone
    Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan, Italy.
  • U Joseph Schoepf
    Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Medical University of South Carolina, Ashley River Tower, 25 Courtenay Dr, Charleston, SC 29425-2260 (S.S.M., D.M., M.v.A., C.N.D.C., R.R.B., C.T., A.V.S., A.M.F., B.E.J., L.P.G., U.J.S.); Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt, Germany (S.S.M., T.J.V.); Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Stanford, Calif (D.M.); Division of Cardiothoracic Imaging, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University, Atlanta, Ga (C.N.D.C.); Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (R.R.B.); Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Heart Center Munich-Bogenhausen, Munich, Germany (C.T.); Department of Cardiology, Munich University Clinic, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany (C.T.); Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Malvern, Pa (P.S.); and Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC (A.J.M.).
  • Leslee J Shaw
    Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
  • Hyuk-Jae Chang
    Department of Cardiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic Of Korea.
  • Jagat Narula
  • Jeroen J Bax
    Departments of Cardiology, Heart Lung Centre, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
  • Yuanfang Guan
    Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA. gyuanfan@umich.edu.
  • James K Min
    3 Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine , New York, New York.

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