Precise Control of Customized Macrophage Cell Robot for Targeted Therapy of Solid Tumors with Minimal Invasion.

Journal: Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
PMID: 34510759

Abstract

Injecting micro/nanorobots into the body to kill tumors is one of the ultimate ambitions for medical nanotechnology. However, injecting current micro/nanorobots based on 3D-printed biocompatible materials directly into blood vessels for targeted therapy is often difficult, and mistakes in targeting can cause serious side effects, such as blood clots, oxidative stress, or inflammation. The natural affinity of macrophages to tumors, and their natural phagocytosis and ability to invade tumors, make them outstanding drug delivery vehicles for targeted tumor therapy. Hence, a magnetically controlled cell robot (MCR) based on a macrophage drug carrier is proposed. Here, living macrophages are converted into MCRs through endocytosis of specially-designed magnetic nanoparticles loaded with doxorubicin and indocyanine green. Following this, the MCRs can be transported to tumors through the blood vessels using external magnetic fields, and penetrate the blood vessels into the interior of the tumor due to their deformability. With the MCR's cascaded drug release, targeted killing of tumors in mice is demonstrated, with minimal effects on the normal surrounding tissue. The ability to impart precise drug doses onto natural cells, such as macrophages, and load various functional components into the MCRs, offers an efficient method for precise targeted therapy.

Authors

  • Yuguo Dai
    School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
  • Xue Bai
    School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
  • Lina Jia
    School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
  • Hongyan Sun
    School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
  • Yanmin Feng
    School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
  • Luyao Wang
    Department of Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Bengbu Medical University, Bengbu, China.
  • Chaonan Zhang
    School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
  • Yuanyuan Chen
    Center for Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310001, China.
  • Yiming Ji
    School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
  • Deyuan Zhang
    School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
  • Huawei Chen
    School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
  • Lin Feng
    Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Fish Nutrition and Safety Production University Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan 611130, China.

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