Deep Learning-based Post Hoc CT Denoising for Myocardial Delayed Enhancement.

Journal: Radiology
Published Date: Oct 1, 2022

Abstract

Background To improve myocardial delayed enhancement (MDE) CT, a deep learning (DL)-based post hoc denoising method supervised with averaged MDE CT data was developed. Purpose To assess the image quality of denoised MDE CT images and evaluate their diagnostic performance by using late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) MRI as a reference. Materials and methods MDE CT data obtained by averaging three acquisitions with a single breath hold 5 minutes after the contrast material injection in patients from July 2020 to October 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Preaveraged images obtained in 100 patients as inputs and averaged images as ground truths were used to supervise a residual dense network (RDN). The original single-shot image, standard averaged image, RDN-denoised original (DL) image, and RDN-denoised averaged (DL) image of holdout cases were compared. In 40 patients, the CT value and image noise in the left ventricular cavity and myocardium were assessed. The segmental presence of MDE in the remaining 40 patients who underwent reference LGE MRI was evaluated. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of each type of CT image and the improvement in accuracy achieved with the RDN were assessed using odds ratios (ORs) estimated with the generalized estimation equation. Results Overall, 180 patients (median age, 66 years [IQR, 53-74 years]; 107 men) were included. The RDN reduced image noise to 28% of the original level while maintaining equivalence in the CT values ( < .001 for all). The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the original images were 77.9%, 84.4%, and 82.3%, of the averaged images were 89.7%, 87.9%, and 88.5%, of the DL images were 93.1%, 87.5%, and 89.3%, and of the DL images were 95.1%, 93.1%, and 93.8%, respectively. DL images showed improved accuracy compared with the original images (OR, 1.8 [95% CI: 1.2, 2.9]; = .011) and DL images showed improved accuracy compared with the averaged images (OR, 2.0 [95% CI: 1.2, 3.5]; = .009). Conclusion The proposed denoising network supervised with averaged CT images reduced image noise and improved the diagnostic performance for myocardial delayed enhancement CT. © RSNA, 2022 See also the editorial by Vannier and Wang in this issue.

Authors

  • Tatsuya Nishii
    From the Department of Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-shinmachi, Suita 564-8565, Japan (T.N., T.K., H.T., A.K., Y.O., Y.M., H.H., T.F.); Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan (T.K., K.U., J.O., T.I.); Medical Informatics Section, QST Hospital (K.U., J.O.), and Applied MRI Research, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science (K.U., J.O.), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
  • Takuma Kobayashi
    Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, School of Medicine, Sapporo Medical University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
  • Hironori Tanaka
  • Akiyuki Kotoku
    From the Department of Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-shinmachi, Suita 564-8565, Japan (T.N., T.K., H.T., A.K., Y.O., Y.M., H.H., T.F.); Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan (T.K., K.U., J.O., T.I.); Medical Informatics Section, QST Hospital (K.U., J.O.), and Applied MRI Research, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science (K.U., J.O.), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
  • Yasutoshi Ohta
    From the Department of Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-shinmachi, Suita 564-8565, Japan (T.N., T.K., H.T., A.K., Y.O., Y.M., H.H., T.F.); Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan (T.K., K.U., J.O., T.I.); Medical Informatics Section, QST Hospital (K.U., J.O.), and Applied MRI Research, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science (K.U., J.O.), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
  • Yoshiaki Morita
    Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tohoku University Hospital, Sendai, Japan.
  • Kensuke Umehara
    Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan. kensuke.umehara@ieee.org.
  • Junko Ota
    Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-7 Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.
  • Hiroki Horinouchi
    From the Department of Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-shinmachi, Suita 564-8565, Japan (T.N., T.K., H.T., A.K., Y.O., Y.M., H.H., T.F.); Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan (T.K., K.U., J.O., T.I.); Medical Informatics Section, QST Hospital (K.U., J.O.), and Applied MRI Research, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science (K.U., J.O.), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
  • Takayuki Ishida
    Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, 1-7, Yamadaoka, Suita, 565-0871, Japan.
  • Tetsuya Fukuda
    From the Department of Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, 6-1 Kishibe-shinmachi, Suita 564-8565, Japan (T.N., T.K., H.T., A.K., Y.O., Y.M., H.H., T.F.); Department of Medical Physics and Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Japan (T.K., K.U., J.O., T.I.); Medical Informatics Section, QST Hospital (K.U., J.O.), and Applied MRI Research, Department of Molecular Imaging and Theranostics, Institute for Quantum Medical Science (K.U., J.O.), National Institutes for Quantum Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.

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