Breakthroughs and Applications of Organ-on-a-Chip Technology.

Journal: Cells
PMID: 35681523

Abstract

Organ-on-a-chip (OOAC) is an emerging technology based on microfluid platforms and in vitro cell culture that has a promising future in the healthcare industry. The numerous advantages of OOAC over conventional systems make it highly popular. The chip is an innovative combination of novel technologies, including lab-on-a-chip, microfluidics, biomaterials, and tissue engineering. This paper begins by analyzing the need for the development of OOAC followed by a brief introduction to the technology. Later sections discuss and review the various types of OOACs and the fabrication materials used. The implementation of artificial intelligence in the system makes it more advanced, thereby helping to provide a more accurate diagnosis as well as convenient data management. We introduce selected OOAC projects, including applications to organ/disease modelling, pharmacology, personalized medicine, and dentistry. Finally, we point out certain challenges that need to be surmounted in order to further develop and upgrade the current systems.

Authors

  • Mufeeda C Koyilot
    Molecular Robotics, Cochin 682033, India.
  • Priyadarshini Natarajan
    Molecular Robotics, Cochin 682033, India.
  • Clayton R Hunt
    Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
  • Sonish Sivarajkumar
    Intelligent Systems Program, School of Computing and Information, University of Pittsburgh, PA.
  • Romy Roy
    Molecular Robotics, Cochin 682033, India.
  • Shreeram Joglekar
    Molecular Robotics, Cochin 682033, India.
  • Shruti Pandita
    Mays Cancer Center, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
  • Carl W Tong
    School of Engineering Medicine, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
  • Shamsudheen Marakkar
    Molecular Robotics, Cochin 682033, India.
  • Lakshminarayanan Subramanian
    Courant Institute of Mathematical Science, New York University, New York, NY 10012, USA.
  • Shalini S Yadav
    Department of Immunology, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
  • Anoop V Cherian
    Molecular Robotics, Cochin 682033, India.
  • Tej K Pandita
    Houston Methodist Research Institute, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
  • Khader Shameer
    From the Zena and Michael A. Wiener Cardiovascular Institute and the Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Center for Cardiovascular Health, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY (P.P.S., M.B.); Saffron Technology, Inc, Cary, NC (Y.-M.H., A.A., M.F., W.G.); and Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY (K.S., J.T.D.).
  • Kamlesh K Yadav
    Department of Zoology, Government Degree College, Uttar Pradesh, Bakkha Kheda, Unnao, 209801, India.

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