Genotoxicity evaluation of titanium dioxide nanoparticles using the mouse lymphoma assay and the Ames test.

Journal: Mutation research. Genetic toxicology and environmental mutagenesis
PMID: 30678824

Abstract

Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO-NPs) are widely used in the cosmetics, health, and food industries, but their safety and genotoxicity remain a matter of debate. We investigated whether TiO-NPs could induce gene mutations in mouse lymphoma L5178Y cells and Salmonella typhimurium strains TA97a, TA98, TA100, TA102, and TA1535. Following preliminary tests, 2 mg/mL for the mouse lymphoma gene mutation assay and 1.25 mg/plate for the in vitro bacterial reverse mutation assay (Ames test) were selected as the highest concentrations. Exposure to TiO2-NPs for 4 or 24 h with or without S9 metabolic activation did not increase mutation frequency for any of the concentrations tested in L5178Y cells. In the Ames test, TiO-NPs did not induce reverse mutation in the bacterial strains. No positive mutagenic responses were observed in either test system, and therefore we cannot classify TiO-NPs as mutagenic; further testing will be required to determine conclusively whether TiO-NPs are genotoxic.

Authors

  • Xiuming Du
    Testing Center, Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry CO., LTD., Shanghai, China.
  • Shunxiang Gao
    Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China.
  • Liling Hong
    Testing Center, Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry CO., LTD., Shanghai, China.
  • Xin Zheng
    Department of Clinical Laboratory, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: dearjanna@126.com.
  • Qingyun Zhou
    Testing Center, Shanghai Research Institute of Chemical Industry CO., LTD., Shanghai, China. Electronic address: zqy@ghs.cn.
  • Jihong Wu
    Eye Institute, Eye and ENT Hospital, College of Medicine, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Visual Impairment and Restoration, Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality, Shanghai, China; NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Shanghai, China. Electronic address: jihongwu@fudan.edu.cn.

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