Kyobu geka. The Japanese journal of thoracic surgery
Jul 1, 2022
It has been more than 10 years since the introduction of small-incision surgery for cardiac valvular disease. The so-called minimally invasive cardiac surgery (MICS) techniques avoid the need for sternotomy, but they are still not considered standard...
Minimally invasive and robotic coronary revascularization strategies offer less pain, fewer adverse events, betterĀ cosmesis, and speedier recovery. These procedures are vulnerable to left internal mammary artery (LIMA) injury that may require a full ...
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