A peripheral inflammatory signature discriminates bipolar from unipolar depression: A machine learning approach.

Journal: Progress in neuro-psychopharmacology & biological psychiatry
PMID:

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Mood disorders (major depressive disorder, MDD, and bipolar disorder, BD) are considered leading causes of life-long disability worldwide, where high rates of no response to treatment or relapse and delays in receiving a proper diagnosis (~60% of depressed BD patients are initially misdiagnosed as MDD) contribute to a growing personal and socio-economic burden. The immune system may represent a new target to develop novel diagnostic and therapeutic procedures but reliable biomarkers still need to be found.

Authors

  • Sara Poletti
    Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy. Electronic address: poletti.sara@hsr.it.
  • Benedetta Vai
    Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Fondazione Centro San Raffaele, Milano, Italy.
  • Mario Gennaro Mazza
    Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
  • Raffaella Zanardi
    Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
  • Cristina Lorenzi
    Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
  • Federico Calesella
    Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
  • Silvia Cazzetta
    Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
  • Igor Branchi
    Center for Behavioral Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy.
  • Cristina Colombo
    Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.
  • Roberto Furlan
    Division of Neuroscience, Clinical Neuroimmunology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
  • Francesco Benedetti
    Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy; Division of Neuroscience, Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.