AI Medical Compendium Topic

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Generalization, Psychological

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Enhancing domain generalization in the AI-based analysis of chest radiographs with federated learning.

Scientific reports
Developing robust artificial intelligence (AI) models that generalize well to unseen datasets is challenging and usually requires large and variable datasets, preferably from multiple institutions. In federated learning (FL), a model is trained colla...

Small object detection algorithm incorporating swin transformer for tea buds.

PloS one
Accurate identification of small tea buds is a key technology for tea harvesting robots, which directly affects tea quality and yield. However, due to the complexity of the tea plantation environment and the diversity of tea buds, accurate identifica...

Can neural networks benefit from objectives that encourage iterative convergent computations? A case study of ResNets and object classification.

PloS one
Recent work has suggested that feedforward residual neural networks (ResNets) approximate iterative recurrent computations. Iterative computations are useful in many domains, so they might provide good solutions for neural networks to learn. However,...

Consideration on the learning efficiency of multiple-layered neural networks with linear units.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society
In the last two decades, remarkable progress has been done in singular learning machine theories on the basis of algebraic geometry. These theories reveal that we need to find resolution maps of singularities for analyzing asymptotic behavior of stat...

Perturbation diversity certificates robust generalization.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society
Whilst adversarial training has been proven to be one most effective defending method against adversarial attacks for deep neural networks, it suffers from over-fitting on training adversarial data and thus may not guarantee the robust generalization...

Improving structure-based protein-ligand affinity prediction by graph representation learning and ensemble learning.

PloS one
Predicting protein-ligand binding affinity presents a viable solution for accelerating the discovery of new lead compounds. The recent widespread application of machine learning approaches, especially graph neural networks, has brought new advancemen...

Compositional diversity in visual concept learning.

Cognition
Humans leverage compositionality to efficiently learn new concepts, understanding how familiar parts can combine together to form novel objects. In contrast, popular computer vision models struggle to make the same types of inferences, requiring more...

Hebbian dreaming for small datasets.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society
The dreaming Hopfield model constitutes a generalization of the Hebbian paradigm for neural networks, that is able to perform on-line learning when "awake" and also to account for off-line "sleeping" mechanisms. The latter have been shown to enhance ...

Generalization analysis of deep CNNs under maximum correntropy criterion.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have gained immense popularity in recent years, finding their utility in diverse fields such as image recognition, natural language processing, and bio-informatics. Despite the remarkable progress made in deep lea...

Segmentation-based cardiomegaly detection based on semi-supervised estimation of cardiothoracic ratio.

Scientific reports
The successful integration of neural networks in a clinical setting is still uncommon despite major successes achieved by artificial intelligence in other domains. This is mainly due to the black box characteristic of most optimized models and the un...