AI Medical Compendium

Conversational AI Phone Calls to Support Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Randomized Controlled Trial.

JMIR cardio Aug 19, 2025

BACKGROUND: Patient education and self-management support are critical for atrial fibrillation (AF) management. Conversational artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to provide interactive and personalized support, but has not been evaluated ... read more

A plasma proteomics-based candidate biomarker panel predictive of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Nature medicine Aug 19, 2025

Identifying a reliable biomarker for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is crucial for clinical practice. Here, in this cross-sectional study, we used the Olink Explore 3072 platform to investigate plasma proteomics as a biomarker tool for this neur... read more

Scaling up Your Kernels: Large Kernel Design in ConvNets towards Universal Representations.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence Aug 19, 2025

This paper proposes the paradigm of large convolutional kernels in designing modern Convolutional Neural Networks (ConvNets). We establish that employing a few large kernels, instead of stacking multiple smaller ones, can be a superior design strateg... read more

Programmable Anyon Mobility through Higher Order Cellular Automata

arXiv Aug 19, 2025

Controlling anyon mobility is critical for robust quantum memory and understanding symmetry-enriched topological (SET) phases with subsystem symmetries (e.g., line-like, fractal, chaotic, or mixed supports). However, a unified framework for anyon m... read more

Quantum Physics Statistical Mechanics Strongly Correlated Electrons Formal Languages and Automata Theory

Use of Machine Learning to Derive Discrete Clinical Phenotypes and Assess Treatment-Effect Heterogeneity in the Steroids in Cardiac Surgery Trial Dataset.

Anesthesia and analgesia Aug 19, 2025

BACKGROUND: Robust clinical trial data provide a key component for the development of evidence-informed medicine. However, clinical trial data may demonstrate treatment-effect heterogeneity, where some patients benefit from an intervention while othe... read more

Multimodal imaging deep learning model for predicting extraprostatic extension in prostate cancer using MpMRI and 18 F-PSMA-PET/CT.

Cancer imaging : the official publication of the International Cancer Imaging Society Aug 19, 2025

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to construct a multimodal imaging deep learning (DL) model integrating mpMRI and F-PSMA-PET/CT for the prediction of extraprostatic extension (EPE) in prostate cancer, and to assess its effectiveness in enhancing the diagn... read more

Prostatic Neoplasms Radiopharmaceuticals Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Extranodal Extension Prostatectomy Fluorine Radioisotopes Middle Aged Male Multimodal Imaging Deep Learning Retrospective Studies Aged Humans

Collapsing ROC approach for risk prediction research on both common and rare variants

arXiv Aug 19, 2025

Risk prediction that capitalizes on emerging genetic findings holds great promise for improving public health and clinical care. However, recent risk prediction research has shown that predictive tests formed on existing common genetic loci, includ... read more

Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence Methodology

Bidirectional Multiscale Efficient Dilated Convolutional Recurrent Neural Network Improved by Swarm Intelligence Optimization.

IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems Aug 19, 2025

In recent years, bidirectional convolutional recurrent neural networks (RNNs) have made significant breakthroughs in addressing a wide range of challenging problems related to time series and prediction applications. However, the performance of the m... read more

OSFormer: One-Step Transformer for Infrared Video Small Object Detection.

IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society Aug 19, 2025

Infrared video small object detection is pivotal in numerous security and surveillance applications. However, existing deep learning-based methods, which typically rely on a two-step paradigm of frame-by-frame detection followed by temporal refinemen... read more

Advances in mitigating methane emissions from rice cultivation: past, present, and future strategies.

Environmental science and pollution research international Aug 19, 2025

This paper analyzes methane emissions from rice cultivation, a major source of global methane (10-12% of emissions), driven by traditional flooding practices that create anaerobic conditions. Before 2000, continuous flooding was the dominant rice irr... read more

Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium