Multivariate brain morphological patterns across mood disorders: key roles of frontotemporal and cerebellar areas.

Journal: BMJ mental health
Published Date: Jun 10, 2025

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Differentiating major depressive disorder (MDD) from bipolar disorder (BD) remains a significant clinical challenge, as both disorders exhibit overlapping symptoms but require distinct treatment approaches. Advances in voxel-based morphometry and surface-based morphometry have facilitated the identification of structural brain abnormalities that may serve as diagnostic biomarkers.

Authors

  • Sevdalina Kandilarova
    Department of Psychiatry and Medical Psychology, Research Institute and SRIPD-MUP, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria sevdalina.kandilarova@mu-plovdiv.bg.
  • Eleonora Maggioni
    Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Lombardy, Italy.
  • Letizia Squarcina
    UOC Psychiatry, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona (AOUI), Italy; InterUniversity Centre for Behavioural Neurosciences (ICBN), University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
  • Diyana Najar
    Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
  • Maysam Homadi
    Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
  • Emma Tassi
    Department of Electronics, Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Lombardy, Italy.
  • Drozdstoy Stoyanov
    Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Plovdiv, Plovdiv, Bulgaria.
  • Paolo Brambilla
    Department of Neurosciences and Mental Health, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, USA. Electronic address: paolo.brambilla1@unimi.it.

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