Decoding the crossroads of aging and cancer through single-cell analysis: Implications for precision oncology.

Journal: International journal of cancer
Published Date: Apr 23, 2025

Abstract

Single-cell analysis is a transformative approach to understanding cellular heterogeneity in aging and cancer, interconnected processes driven by mechanisms like senescence and immune modulation. This review explores how aging influences cancer initiation, progression, and treatment resistance within the tumor microenvironment (TME). By examining recent studies using single-cell technologies, we reveal the nuanced roles of aging in tumorigenesis, immune interactions, and therapeutic outcomes. Aging is closely tied to cancer progression, with senescent cells demonstrating heightened proliferative, invasive, and metastatic capabilities. Emerging senolytic therapies targeting aging-related pathways hold promise for enhancing treatment efficacy. Advanced tools such as spatial transcriptomics, molecular probes, and artificial intelligence further refine our understanding of aging-related heterogeneity in the TME. By integrating single-cell analysis with these technologies, future research can clarify the intricate interactions between aging and cancer, advancing precision oncology and improving outcomes for aging cancer patients.

Authors

  • Dengxiong Li
    Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
  • Qingxin Yu
    Department of Pathology, Ningbo Clinical Pathology Diagnosis Center, Ningbo City, Zhejiang Province, China.
  • Fanglin Shao
    Department of Rehabilitation, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
  • Jie Wang
  • Ruicheng Wu
    Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
  • Yiqing Guo
    State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Medicine, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
  • Koo Han Yoo
    Department of Urology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea.
  • Zhipeng Wang
    Department of Pharmacy, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, PR China.
  • Wuran Wei
    Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
  • Dechao Feng
    Department of Urology, Institute of Urology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

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