Using machine learning and surface reconstruction to accurately differentiate different trajectories of mood and energy dysregulation in youth.

Journal: PloS one
PMID: 28683115

Abstract

Difficulty regulating positive mood and energy is a feature that cuts across different pediatric psychiatric disorders. Yet, little is known regarding the neural mechanisms underlying different developmental trajectories of positive mood and energy regulation in youth. Recent studies indicate that machine learning techniques can help elucidate the role of neuroimaging measures in classifying individual subjects by specific symptom trajectory. Cortical thickness measures were extracted in sixty-eight anatomical regions covering the entire brain in 115 participants from the Longitudinal Assessment of Manic Symptoms (LAMS) study and 31 healthy comparison youth (12.5 y/o;-Male/Female = 15/16;-IQ = 104;-Right/Left handedness = 24/5). Using a combination of trajectories analyses, surface reconstruction, and machine learning techniques, the present study aims to identify the extent to which measures of cortical thickness can accurately distinguish youth with higher (n = 18) from those with lower (n = 34) trajectories of manic-like behaviors in a large sample of LAMS youth (n = 115; 13.6 y/o; M/F = 68/47, IQ = 100.1, R/L = 108/7). Machine learning analyses revealed that widespread cortical thickening in portions of the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, right inferior and middle temporal gyrus, bilateral precuneus, and bilateral paracentral gyri and cortical thinning in portions of the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, left ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, and right parahippocampal gyrus accurately differentiate (Area Under Curve = 0.89;p = 0.03) youth with different (higher vs lower) trajectories of positive mood and energy dysregulation over a period up to 5years, as measured by the Parent General Behavior Inventory-10 Item Mania Scale. Our findings suggest that specific patterns of cortical thickness may reflect transdiagnostic neural mechanisms associated with different temporal trajectories of positive mood and energy dysregulation in youth. This approach has potential to identify patterns of neural markers of future clinical course.

Authors

  • Amelia Versace
    Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
  • Vinod Sharma
    Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea (Dr Kim); Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA (Drs Sharma and Ryan).
  • Michele A Bertocci
    Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
  • Genna Bebko
    Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
  • Satish Iyengar
    Department of Statistics, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
  • Amanda Dwojak
    Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
  • Lisa Bonar
    Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
  • Susan B Perlman
    Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
  • Claudiu Schirda
    Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
  • Michael Travis
    Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
  • Mary Kay Gill
    Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
  • Vaibhav A Diwadkar
    Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Neuroscience, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, United States of America.
  • Jeffrey L Sunshine
    University Hospitals Case Medical Center/Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.
  • Scott K Holland
    Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center Cincinnati Ohio 45221.
  • Robert A Kowatch
    Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America.
  • Boris Birmaher
    Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.
  • David Axelson
    Department of Psychiatry, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, United States of America.
  • Thomas W Frazier
    Pediatric Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, United States of America.
  • L Eugene Arnold
    Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A.
  • Mary A Fristad
    Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, U.S.A.
  • Eric A Youngstrom
    University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, U.S.A.
  • Sarah M Horwitz
    Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, New York City, New York, United States of America.
  • Robert L Findling
    Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, U.S.A.
  • Mary L Phillips
    Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States of America.

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