Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Dec 10, 2025
Social information processing involves coordinated neural activity across distributed brain circuits, with the ventral hippocampus (vHPC) and medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) playing pivotal roles. However, whether these regions employ distinct coding...
There is growing interest in using neuroimaging to understanding listening effort in individuals with hearing loss, with a particular focus on how innovative hearing aid features impact listening effort. This study used functional near infrared spect...
Prefrontal cortex (PFC) is known to modulate the visual system to favor goal-relevant information by accentuating task-relevant stimulus dimensions. Does the brain broadly re-configures itself to optimize performance by stretching visual representati...
Therapeutic options for refractory depression are urgently needed. We conducted a deep brain stimulation (DBS) randomized controlled trial of the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BNST), an extended amygdala structure, and nucleus accumbens (NAc) ...
While previous studies have reported functional abnormalities in the prefrontal-limbic-subcortical circuit, the treatment effects on this activity remain unclear. This longitudinal study aimed to investigate spontaneous brain activity in bipolar diso...
Brain-machine interface (BMI) research has shown the efficacy of using motor and sensory-related neural signals to assist physically impaired patients. Despite the comparable ability to extract more abstract cognitive signals from the brain, little e...
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Oct 13, 2025
Common workplace challenges such as feeling overwhelmed, burned out, or disengaged often remain hidden due to fear of judgment or social norms, contributing to rising mental health crises and organizational dysfunction. This study presents a brain-ba...
Motivation drives individuals to overcome costs to achieve desired outcomes, such as rewards or avoidance of punishment, with significant variability across individuals. The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex/dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dmPFC/dACC) ...
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS), particularly Theta Burst Stimulation (TBS), is a non-invasive, non-convulsive neuromodulation technique that induces clinically relevant network modulations with long-term effects. Two TBS protocols- continuou...
In probabilistic reversal learning, the choice option yielding reward with higher probability switches at a random trial. To perform optimally in this task, one has to accumulate evidence across trials to infer the probability that a reversal has occ...
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