AIMC Topic: Cerebral Cortex

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Biologically informed cortical models predict optogenetic perturbations.

eLife
A recurrent neural network fitted to large electrophysiological datasets may help us understand the chain of cortical information transmission. In particular, successful network reconstruction methods should enable a model to predict the response to ...

Cortical layer multi-parameter analysis of neurovascular impairments in AD/ADRD rodent model with in vivo optical imaging.

Translational neurodegeneration
BACKGROUND: Neurovascular biomarkers have the potential to enhance early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and AD-related dementias (ADRD), as cerebrovascular alterations often precede neurodegeneration. However, their clinical application remain...

Distinct neuroimaging subtypes of ADHD among adolescents based on semi-supervised learning.

Translational psychiatry
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a childhood-onset neurodevelopmental disorder diagnosed and subtyped solely based on clinical traits, which are prone to subjective judgment and lack of reliability. Also, the clinical subtyping does...

Breaking down the ear-brain dichotomy: the effects of age-related hearing loss on the cortical language system.

NeuroImage
Older individuals frequently experience hearing difficulties, often due to sensorineural hearing loss (HL) primarily originating in the inner ear. However, it is not uncommon for older adults with HL to also exhibit impairments in speech intelligibil...

Heterogeneity of human insular cortex: five principles of functional organization across multiple cognitive domains.

Brain structure & function
The insular cortex serves as a critical hub for human cognition, but how its anatomically distinct subregions coordinate diverse cognitive, emotional, and social functions remains unclear. Using the Human Connectome Project's multi-task fMRI dataset ...

Statistical characterization of cortical-thalamic dynamics evoked by cortical stimulation in mice.

Journal of neural engineering
Statistical models are powerful tools for describing biological phenomena such as neuronal spiking activity. Although these models have been widely used to study spontaneous and stimulated neuronal activity, they have not yet been applied to analyze ...

Maturation of Neuronal Activity in the Human Cortex Exhibits Robust Spatial Gradients across the Birth Transition.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience
Early structural and molecular development of the human cortex is extensively studied, but little is known about the development of neuronal activity across cortical regions. We used dense array electroencephalography recordings and a machine learnin...

Regional cortical thinning and area reduction are associated with cognitive impairment in hemodialysis patients.

Brain research bulletin
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has shown that patients with end-stage renal disease have decreased gray matter volume and density. However, the cortical area and thickness in patients on hemodialysis are uncertain, and the relationship between pati...

Predictive learning rules generate a cortical-like replay of probabilistic sensory experiences.

eLife
The brain is thought to construct an optimal internal model representing the probabilistic structure of the environment accurately. Evidence suggests that spontaneous brain activity gives such a model by cycling through activity patterns evoked by pr...

Spatial reasoning via recurrent neural dynamics in mouse retrosplenial cortex.

Nature neuroscience
From visual perception to language, sensory stimuli change their meaning depending on previous experience. Recurrent neural dynamics can interpret stimuli based on externally cued context, but it is unknown whether they can compute and employ interna...