BACKGROUND: Thymectomy is an essential component in the treatment of myasthenia gravis (MG) and the best treatment for localized thymoma. Minimally invasive thymectomy has advanced to include robotic-assisted techniques. The acceptance of this approa...
Congenital variations in urinary tract anatomy present unique surgical challenges when they present without prior knowledge. Ectopic ureters occur as a rare anatomic variation of the urinary tract and are often associated with duplicated renal collec...