AI Medical Compendium Topic

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Synapses

Showing 101 to 110 of 313 articles

Clear Filters

CleftNet: Augmented Deep Learning for Synaptic Cleft Detection From Brain Electron Microscopy.

IEEE transactions on medical imaging
Detecting synaptic clefts is a crucial step to investigate the biological function of synapses. The volume electron microscopy (EM) allows the identification of synaptic clefts by photoing EM images with high resolution and fine details. Machine lear...

Aligned Organization of Synapses and Mitochondria in Auditory Hair Cells.

Neuroscience bulletin
Recent studies have revealed great functional and structural heterogeneity in the ribbon-type synapses at the basolateral pole of the isopotential inner hair cell (IHC). This feature is believed to be critical for audition over a wide dynamic range, ...

Stochastic Spiking Behavior in Neuromorphic Networks Enables True Random Number Generation.

ACS applied materials & interfaces
There is currently a great deal of interest in the use of nanoscale devices to emulate the behaviors of neurons and synapses and to facilitate brain-inspired computation. Here, it is shown that percolating networks of nanoparticles exhibit stochastic...

Accuracy Versus Simplification in an Approximate Logic Neural Model.

IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems
An approximate logic neural model (ALNM) is a novel single-neuron model with plastic dendritic morphology. During the training process, the model can eliminate unnecessary synapses and useless branches of dendrites. It will produce a specific dendrit...

Optically Modulated HfS-Based Synapses for Artificial Vision Systems.

ACS applied materials & interfaces
The simulation of human brain neurons by synaptic devices could be an effective strategy to break through the notorious "von Neumann Bottleneck" and "Memory Wall". Herein, opto-electronic synapses based on layered hafnium disulfide (HfS) transistors ...

The information theory of developmental pruning: Optimizing global network architectures using local synaptic rules.

PLoS computational biology
During development, biological neural networks produce more synapses and neurons than needed. Many of these synapses and neurons are later removed in a process known as neural pruning. Why networks should initially be over-populated, and the processe...

Synaptic Weight Evolution and Charge Trapping Mechanisms in a Synaptic Pass-Transistor Operation With a Direct Potential Output.

IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems
We present an intensive study on the weight modulation and charge trapping mechanisms of the synaptic transistor based on a pass-transistor concept for the direct voltage output. In this article, the pass-transistor concept for a metal-oxide-semicond...

Artificial Visual Perception Nervous System Based on Low-Dimensional Material Photoelectric Memristors.

ACS nano
The visual perception system is the most important system for human learning since it receives over 80% of the learning information from the outside world. With the exponential growth of artificial intelligence technology, there is a pressing need fo...

A Bioinspired Stretchable Sensory-Neuromorphic System.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)
Conventional stretchable electronics that adopt a wavy design, a neutral mechanical plane, and conformal contact between abiotic and biotic interfaces have exhibited diverse skin-interfaced applications. Despite such remarkable progress, the evolutio...

Analog Nanoscale Electro-Optical Synapses for Neuromorphic Computing Applications.

ACS nano
The typically nonlinear and asymmetric response of synaptic memristors to positive and negative electrical pulses makes the realization of accurate deep neural networks very challenging. Here, we integrate a two-terminal valence change memory (VCM) i...