Relationship between vitamin D status and vascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Journal:
Nutrition research (New York, N.Y.)
PMID:
26826427
Abstract
We aimed to investigate the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) and microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients. It was hypothesized that lower 25(OH)D would be associated with increased microvascular complications in T2DM. A total of 257 T2DM patients (111 men, 146 women) who underwent diabetic microvascular complication (peripheral neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy) studies were recruited. Patients were categorized into 3 groups according to vitamin D status: vitamin D sufficient (n = 41, 25[OH]D ≥ 20 ng/mL), vitamin D insufficient (n = 132, 10 ≤ 25[OH]D < 20 ng/mL), and vitamin D deficient (n = 84, 25[OH]D < 10 ng/mL). In men, the prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) was significantly higher in patients with vitamin D deficiency than in those with insufficiency or sufficiency (38%, 11.7%, and 10%, respectively; P = .005). In addition, the prevalence of diabetic nephropathy (DN) was significantly higher in women with vitamin D deficiency than in the other 2 groups (40%, 20.6%, and 0%; P = .007). Compared with men in the vitamin D-sufficient group (reference), men in the vitamin D-deficient group had an increased risk of DPN after adjusting for confounding factors (odds ratio, 7.79; 95% confidence interval, 1.52-40.05). For women, when the vitamin D-sufficient group was used as a reference, those in the vitamin D-deficient group had an increased risk of DN after adjusting for confounding factors (odds ratio, 4.27; 95% confidence interval, 1.58-11.56). This present study found that a serum 25(OH)D level less than 10 ng/mL is independently associated with increased DPN in male patients and increased DN in female patients with T2DM.
Authors
Keywords
25-Hydroxyvitamin D 2
Aged
Calcifediol
Cross-Sectional Studies
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
Diabetic Angiopathies
Diabetic Nephropathies
Diabetic Retinopathy
Female
Hospitals, University
Humans
Incidence
Male
Middle Aged
Nutritional Status
Outpatient Clinics, Hospital
Prevalence
Republic of Korea
Risk Factors
Severity of Illness Index
Sex Factors
Vitamin D Deficiency