Milk from cows fed a diet with a high forage:concentrate ratio improves inflammatory state, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial function in rats.

Journal: Journal of dairy science
Published Date:

Abstract

Excessive energy intake may evoke complex biochemical processes characterized by inflammation, oxidative stress, and impairment of mitochondrial function that represent the main factors underlying noncommunicable diseases. Because cow milk is widely used for human nutrition and in food industry processing, the nutritional quality of milk is of special interest with respect to human health. In our study, we analyzed milk produced by dairy cows fed a diet characterized by a high forage:concentrate ratio (high forage milk, HFM). In view of the low n-6:n-3 ratio and high content of conjugated linoleic acid of HFM, we studied the effects of this milk on lipid metabolism, inflammation, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress in a rat model. To this end, we supplemented for 4 wk the diet of male Wistar rats with HFM and with an isocaloric amount (82 kJ, 22 mL/d) of milk obtained from cows fed a diet with low forage:concentrate ratio, and analyzed the metabolic parameters of the animals. Our results indicate that HFM may positively affect lipid metabolism, leptin:adiponectin ratio, inflammation, mitochondrial function, and oxidative stress, providing the first evidence of the beneficial effects of HFM on rat metabolism.

Authors

  • Gina Cavaliere
    Department of Biology, and Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
  • Giovanna Trinchese
    Department of Biology, and Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
  • Nadia Musco
    Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
  • Federico Infascelli
    Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
  • Chiara De Filippo
    Department of Biology, and Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
  • Vincenzo Mastellone
    Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
  • Valeria Maria Morittu
    Department of Health Science, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.
  • Pietro Lombardi
    Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
  • Raffaella Tudisco
    Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
  • Micaela Grossi
    Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
  • Vincenzo Monda
    Department of Experimental Medicine, Reproductive Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," 81100 Caserta, Italy.
  • Monica I Cutrignelli
    Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
  • Antonietta Messina
    Department of Experimental Medicine, Reproductive Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," 81100 Caserta, Italy.
  • Serena CalabrĂ²
    Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
  • Heleena B Moni
    Department of Biology, and Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
  • Luigi Stradella
    Department of Gynecology, Obstetric and Reproductive Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," 81100 Caserta, Italy.
  • Giovanni Messina
    Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy.
  • Marcellino Monda
    Department of Experimental Medicine, Reproductive Science, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli," 81100 Caserta, Italy.
  • Marianna Crispino
    Department of Biology, and Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
  • Maria Pina Mollica
    Department of Biology, and Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production, University of Naples Federico II, 80134 Napoli, Italy. Electronic address: mariapia.mollica@unina.it.