Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
Jun 5, 2025
Solving computer vision problems through machine learning, one often encounters lack of sufficient training data. To mitigate this, we propose the use of ensembles of weak learners based on spectral total-variation (STV) features (Gilboa G. 2014 A to...
Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
May 8, 2025
Since the turn of the millennium, computational modelling of biological systems has evolved remarkably and sees matured use spanning basic and clinical research. While the topic of the peri-millennial debate about the virtues and limitations of 'redu...
Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
Apr 2, 2025
Many mathematical models suffer from model discrepancy, posing a significant challenge to their use in clinical decision-making. In this article, we consider methods for addressing this issue. In the first approach, a mathematical model is treated as...
Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
Apr 2, 2025
Estimation of cardiovascular model parameters from electronic health records (EHRs) poses a significant challenge primarily due to lack of identifiability. Structural non-identifiability arises when a manifold in the space of parameters is mapped to ...
Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
Mar 13, 2025
The objective of precision medicine is to tailor interventions to an individual patient's unique characteristics. A key technology for this purpose involves medical digital twins, computational models of human biology that can be personalized and dyn...
Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
Jan 30, 2025
In this paper, we address the question: what practices would be required for the responsible design and operation of real-world swarm robotic systems? We argue that swarm robotic systems must be developed and operated within a framework of ethical go...
Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
Feb 26, 2024
Better understanding of Large Language Models' (LLMs) legal analysis abilities can contribute to improving the efficiency of legal services, governing artificial intelligence and leveraging LLMs to identify inconsistencies in law. This paper explores...
Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
Feb 26, 2024
Litigation is a creature of disagreement. Our essay explores the potential of artificial intelligence (AI) to help reduce legal disagreements. In any litigation, parties disagree over the facts, the law, or how the law applies to the facts. The sourc...
Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
Jun 5, 2023
A hallmark of human intelligence is the ability to understand and influence other minds. Humans engage in inferential social learning (ISL) by using commonsense psychology to learn from others and help others learn. Recent advances in artificial inte...
Philosophical transactions. Series A, Mathematical, physical, and engineering sciences
Jun 5, 2023
In this paper, we first explain why human-like dialogue understanding is so difficult for artificial intelligence (AI). We discuss various methods for testing the understanding capabilities of dialogue systems. Our review of the development of dialog...