Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 631 to 640 of 213,137 articles

The Many Senses of Visual Similarity: A Text-Prompted Image Perceptual Metric

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Human visual similarity judgments are context-dependent. For example, two images may be similar in shape but distinct in color. Existing perceptual similarity metrics, however, collapse these nuances into a single scalar value, offering no mechanism ... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.LG

From Pixel to Prognosis: Convolutional and GLCM Feature Fusion for Automated Four-Class Cataract Severity Classification

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Objective: To develop a low-cost automated cataract severity classification system operating on standard consumer-grade colour photographs of the eye, without specialised ophthalmic hardware. Methods: A hybrid framework was designed that fuses deep f... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition cs.ET

Multi-layer MIMO Relay as Deep Physical Neural Networks: Power Amplifiers as Activation Functions

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Wireless physical neural networks (WPNNs) embed neural computation directly into analog hardware, offering lower energy consumption and latency than conventional digital implementations. In this paper, we propose a deep WPNN in which nonlinear activa... read more 
Machine Learning cs.AI cs.IT eess.SP

Using binary silver labels in electronic health records-based computable phenotyping algorithms

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Gold-standard phenotype labels are often unavailable at scale in electronic health record (EHR) studies because they require manual chart review. Weakly supervised phenotyping methods instead use silver-standard labels, such as diagnosis-code counts,... read more 
Methodology cs.LG stat.ML

Intelligence from Learnable Novelty

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Intelligence appears under different names in different fields: as data compression in statistics and machine learning, as universal computation in dynamical systems, and as adaptive behavior in agents. Each field carries its own objective, and the t... read more 
Machine Learning cs.AI nlin.AO

PathReportEval: A Systematic Benchmark for Pathology Report Generation

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Pathology report generation from whole-slide images (WSIs) is a rapidly growing multimodal learning problem, yet progress is difficult to measure because existing studies use heterogeneous datasets, model settings, visual encoders, and evaluation pro... read more 
Computation and Language cs.CV

CANDOR: Chance-Calibrated Discordance in Frozen Foundation Encoders

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Frozen encoders are chosen by how well a lightweight head reads a finding from their features, not whether the geometry separates it. Nearest-neighbor discordance does, but with unequal banks the opposite-label neighbor wins on density, not geometry,... read more 
Machine Learning cs.AI cs.CL cs.CV

DuSPiT: Dual-Branch Sub-Patch Pixel Diffusion Transformer

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Diffusion Transformers achieve strong image generation performance, but most operate in compressed latent spaces. Pixel-space diffusion avoids this information loss, yet existing approaches map each raw image patch to a single token, forcing one repr... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

Attention Without Grounding: Causal Evaluation of Visual Explanations in Medical VLMs

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
Attention and saliency heatmaps are widely used to explain medical Vision-Language Model (VLM) outputs on chest X-rays, yet whether they truly highlight the image evidence driving predictions has not been causally tested. We audit faithfulness via ov... read more 
Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition

GQD-AdsNet: Graph Neural Networks Unlock Rapid Exploration of Transition Metal Adsorption on Graphene Quantum Dots

arXiv Jul 20, 2026
In recent years, interest in single-atom catalysts supported on carbon-based structures has grown considerably due to their high catalytic activity and efficient uses of metal atoms. However, the design and characterization of these materials through... read more 
Materials Science cs.LG
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