Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 64,061 to 64,070 of 231,309 articles

Deep learning-assisted metalens imaging over a wide depth of field.

Optics letters Jan 15, 2026
Miniaturized lenses with a large depth of field and high imaging quality are desirable for compact optical systems, as they eliminate the need for lens switching and repeated refocusing. Metalenses, composed of flat, subwavelength nanostructures, are... read more 

Experimental demonstration of coherent beam combination by a simulation-trained deep neural network.

Optics letters Jan 15, 2026
For phase retrieval in a coherent beam combining of 7 fiber amplifiers arranged in a tiled aperture experiment, we demonstrate the feasibility of direct implementation of a light-weight deep-learning model trained on simulated data only. Deep-learnin... read more 

Optical Hopfield neural networks with enhanced storage capacity.

Optics letters Jan 15, 2026
Hopfield neural networks, classic examples of associative memories, are well-established models for pattern storage and retrieval. However, the original Hopfield network, characterized by quadratic interactions among neurons, exhibits limited storage... read more 

PIPN: Physics-inspired phase retrieval network for propagation-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging.

Optics letters Jan 15, 2026
Propagation-based X-ray phase-contrast imaging (PB-XPCI) can produce high-resolution images of soft tissue. However, this usually requires extracting the phase shift from intensity measurement at a single propagation distance through phase retrieval-... read more 

Segmentation and calculation of lung fibrosis in IPF mice by 2.5D UNet.

Biomedical physics & engineering express Jan 15, 2026
BACKGROUND: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis significantly threatens patient survival and remains a condition with limited effective treatment options. There is an urgent need to expedite the exploration of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis mechanisms and i... read more 

Machine learning-enhanced nanofiber systems: A new frontier in controlled drug release.

Nanotechnology Jan 15, 2026
The use of machine learning (ML) is reshaping the design and optimization of nanofiber-based drug delivery systems (N-DDS). Electrospun nanofibers offer high surface area, tunable porosity, and versatile drug encapsulation strategies, making them att... read more 

Multi-window temporal analysis for enhanced arrhythmia classification: leveraging long-range dependencies in electrocardiogram signals.

Physiological measurement Jan 15, 2026
OBJECTIVE: Arrhythmia classification from electrocardiograms (ECGs) suffers from high false positive rates and limited cross-dataset generalization, particularly for atrial fibrillation detection where specificity ranges from 0.72 to 0.98 using conve... read more 

Limitations in the Design of Critical Care Studies and Suggestions for Future Research Directions.

Seminars in respiratory and critical care medicine Jan 15, 2026
Glucocorticoid (GC) therapy has been a cornerstone of critical care; however, its full potential has been constrained by fixed-dose regimens and trial designs that predate current insights into the dynamic, phase-specific functions of glucocorticoid ... read more 

AI-Driven Objective Structured Clinical Examination Generation in Digital Health Education: Comparative Analysis of Three GPT-4o Configurations.

JMIR medical education Jan 15, 2026
BACKGROUND: Objective Structured Clinical Examinations (OSCEs) are used as an evaluation method in medical education, but require significant pedagogical expertise and investment, especially in emerging fields like digital health. Large language mode... read more 
Humans Artificial Intelligence Clinical Competence Educational Measurement Education, Medical

Prompting and Fine-Tuning Large Language Models for Parkinson Disease Diagnosis: Comparative Evaluation Study Using the PPMI Structured Dataset.

JMIR medical informatics Jan 15, 2026
BACKGROUND: Parkinson disease (PD) presents diagnostic challenges due to its heterogeneous motor and nonmotor manifestations. Traditional machine learning (ML) approaches have been evaluated on structured clinical variables. However, the diagnostic u... read more 
Humans Machine Learning Female Aged Male Middle Aged Support Vector Machine Parkinson Disease Natural Language Processing Large Language Models
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