A 5-year-old male Beagle dog produced ejaculates with a high percentage of spermatozoa with abnormal morphology, especially sperm tail defects. Although libido and semen volume were normal, ejaculates showed asthenospermia, oligozoospermia, and terat...
Sperm motility is crucial for successful fertilization. Highly decorated doublet microtubules (DMTs) form the sperm tail skeleton, which propels the movement of spermatozoa. Using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and artificial intelligence (AI)-ba...