AIMC Topic: Bias

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Classification-Based Detection and Quantification of Cross-Domain Data Bias in Materials Discovery.

Journal of chemical information and modeling Dec 16, 2024
It stands to reason that the amount and the quality of data are of key importance for setting up accurate artificial intelligence (AI)-driven models. Among others, a fundamental aspect to consider is the bias introduced during sample selection in dat...
Bias Artificial Intelligence
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Where, why, and how is bias learned in medical image analysis models? A study of bias encoding within convolutional networks using synthetic data.

EBioMedicine Dec 12, 2024
BACKGROUND: Understanding the mechanisms of algorithmic bias is highly challenging due to the complexity and uncertainty of how various unknown sources of bias impact deep learning models trained with medical images. This study aims to bridge this kn...
Algorithms Databases, Factual Brain Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Diagnostic Imaging Bias Convolutional Neural Networks Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
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Integrating large language models in systematic reviews: a framework and case study using ROBINS-I for risk of bias assessment.

BMJ evidence-based medicine Nov 22, 2024
Large language models (LLMs) may facilitate and expedite systematic reviews, although the approach to integrate LLMs in the review process is unclear. This study evaluates GPT-4 agreement with human reviewers in assessing the risk of bias using the R...
Research Design Bias Review Literature as Topic Systematic Reviews as Topic Humans Artificial Intelligence
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Enhancing Bias Assessment for Complex Term Groups in Language Embedding Models: Quantitative Comparison of Methods.

JMIR medical informatics Nov 12, 2024
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly being adopted to build products and aid in the decision-making process across industries. However, AI systems have been shown to exhibit and even amplify biases, causing a growing concern among peop...
Natural Language Processing Bias Humans Artificial Intelligence
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Visualizing radiological data bias through persistence images.

Oncotarget Nov 12, 2024
Persistence images, derived from topological data analysis, emerge as a powerful tool for visualizing and mitigating biases in radiological data interpretation and AI model development. This technique transforms complex topological features into stab...
Artificial Intelligence Diagnostic Imaging Bias Radiology Humans
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Sociodemographic bias in clinical machine learning models: a scoping review of algorithmic bias instances and mechanisms.

Journal of clinical epidemiology Nov 10, 2024
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Clinical machine learning (ML) technologies can sometimes be biased and their use could exacerbate health disparities. The extent to which bias is present, the groups who most frequently experience bias, and the mechanism t...
Female Humans Male Bias Machine Learning Socioeconomic Factors Sociodemographic Factors Algorithms
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Bias Sensitivity in Diagnostic Decision-Making: Comparing ChatGPT with Residents.

Journal of general internal medicine Nov 7, 2024
BACKGROUND: Diagnostic errors, often due to biases in clinical reasoning, significantly affect patient care. While artificial intelligence chatbots like ChatGPT could help mitigate such biases, their potential susceptibility to biases is unknown.
Clinical Decision-Making Bias Female Humans Clinical Competence Diagnostic Errors Netherlands Artificial Intelligence Male Generative Artificial Intelligence Adult Internship and Residency
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AmbiBias Contrast: Enhancing debiasing networks via disentangled space from ambiguity-bias clusters.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society Nov 5, 2024
The goal of debiasing in classification tasks is to train models to be less sensitive to correlations between a sample's target attribution and periodically occurring contextual attributes to achieve accurate classification. A prevalent method involv...
Bias Algorithms Cluster Analysis Humans Neural Networks, Computer Machine Learning
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Artificial intelligence tools trained on human-labeled data reflect human biases: a case study in a large clinical consecutive knee osteoarthritis cohort.

Scientific reports Nov 5, 2024
Humans have been shown to have biases when reading medical images, raising questions about whether humans are uniform in their disease gradings. Artificial intelligence (AI) tools trained on human-labeled data may have inherent human non-uniformity. ...
Osteoarthritis, Knee Cohort Studies Radiography Humans Bias Artificial Intelligence Male Female Middle Aged Aged Retrospective Studies
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Evaluating machine learning model bias and racial disparities in non-small cell lung cancer using SEER registry data.

Health care management science Nov 4, 2024
BACKGROUND: Despite decades of pursuing health equity, racial and ethnic disparities persist in healthcare in America. For cancer specifically, one of the leading observed disparities is worse mortality among non-Hispanic Black patients compared to n...
Lung Neoplasms United States Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung Male Middle Aged SEER Program Ethnicity Proportional Hazards Models Bias Healthcare Disparities Humans Female Aged Machine Learning White Black or African American Racial Groups
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