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Causality

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State of the Art Causal Inference in the Presence of Extraneous Covariates: A Simulation Study.

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium
The central task of causal inference is to remove (via statistical adjustment) confounding bias that would be present in naive unadjusted comparisons of outcomes in different treatment groups. Statistical adjustment can roughly be broken down into tw...

Predictive and Causal Analysis of No-Shows for Medical Exams During COVID-19: A Case Study of Breast Imaging in a Nationwide Israeli Health Organization.

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium
"No-shows", defined as missed appointments or late cancellations, is a central problem in healthcare systems. It has appeared to intensify during the COVID-19 pandemic and the nonpharmaceutical interventions, such as closures, taken to slow its sprea...

Causality in digital medicine.

Nature communications
Ben Glocker (an expert in machine learning for medical imaging, Imperial College London), Mirco Musolesi (a data science and digital health expert, University College London), Jonathan Richens (an expert in diagnostic machine learning models, Babylon...

Robust Machine Learning for Treatment Effects in Multilevel Observational Studies Under Cluster-level Unmeasured Confounding.

Psychometrika
Recently, machine learning (ML) methods have been used in causal inference to estimate treatment effects in order to reduce concerns for model mis-specification. However, many ML methods require that all confounders are measured to consistently estim...

Evaluating the robustness of targeted maximum likelihood estimators via realistic simulations in nutrition intervention trials.

Statistics in medicine
Several recently developed methods have the potential to harness machine learning in the pursuit of target quantities inspired by causal inference, including inverse weighting, doubly robust estimating equations and substitution estimators like targe...

Mining human preference via self-correction causal structure learning.

Scientific reports
Spurred by causal structure learning (CSL) ability to reveal the cause-effect connection, significant research efforts have been made to enhance the scalability of CSL algorithms in various artificial intelligence applications. However, less effort h...

Chemical property prediction under experimental biases.

Scientific reports
Predicting the chemical properties of compounds is crucial in discovering novel materials and drugs with specific desired characteristics. Recent significant advances in machine learning technologies have enabled automatic predictive modeling from pa...

Nonparametric estimation of the causal effect of a stochastic threshold-based intervention.

Biometrics
Identifying a biomarker or treatment-dose threshold that marks a specified level of risk is an important problem, especially in clinical trials. In view of this goal, we consider a covariate-adjusted threshold-based interventional estimand, which hap...

Analysis of Causal Relationships in Integrated Ontologies of Diseases, Phenotypes, and Radiological Diagnosis.

Studies in health technology and informatics
Biomedical ontologies encode knowledge in a form that makes it computable. The current study used the integration of three large biomedical ontologies-the Disease Ontology (DO), Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO), and Radiology Gamuts Ontology (RGO)-to e...

Causes of Outcome Learning: a causal inference-inspired machine learning approach to disentangling common combinations of potential causes of a health outcome.

International journal of epidemiology
Nearly all diseases are caused by different combinations of exposures. Yet, most epidemiological studies focus on estimating the effect of a single exposure on a health outcome. We present the Causes of Outcome Learning approach (CoOL), which seeks t...