AI Medical Compendium Topic

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Visual Cortex

Showing 51 to 60 of 124 articles

Clear Filters

Comparing biological and artificial vision systems: Network measures of functional connectivity.

Neuroscience letters
Advances in Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNN) provide new opportunities for computational neuroscience to pose novel questions regarding the function of biological visual systems. Some attempts have been made to utilize advances in machine le...

Capturing human categorization of natural images by combining deep networks and cognitive models.

Nature communications
Human categorization is one of the most important and successful targets of cognitive modeling, with decades of model development and assessment using simple, low-dimensional artificial stimuli. However, it remains unclear how these findings relate t...

Early Emergence of Solid Shape Coding in Natural and Deep Network Vision.

Current biology : CB
Area V4 is the first object-specific processing stage in the ventral visual pathway, just as area MT is the first motion-specific processing stage in the dorsal pathway. For almost 50 years, coding of object shape in V4 has been studied and conceived...

A brain-inspired network architecture for cost-efficient object recognition in shallow hierarchical neural networks.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society
The brain successfully performs visual object recognition with a limited number of hierarchical networks that are much shallower than artificial deep neural networks (DNNs) that perform similar tasks. Here, we show that long-range horizontal connecti...

Deep learning networks reflect cytoarchitectonic features used in brain mapping.

Scientific reports
The distribution of neurons in the cortex (cytoarchitecture) differs between cortical areas and constitutes the basis for structural maps of the human brain. Deep learning approaches provide a promising alternative to overcome throughput limitations ...

The Generation and Modulation of Distinct Gamma Oscillations with Local, Horizontal, and Feedback Connections in the Primary Visual Cortex: A Model Study on Large-Scale Networks.

Neural plasticity
Gamma oscillation (GAMMA) in the local field potential (LFP) is a synchronized activity commonly found in many brain regions, and it has been thought as a functional signature of network connectivity in the brain, which plays important roles in infor...

Sparse deep predictive coding captures contour integration capabilities of the early visual system.

PLoS computational biology
Both neurophysiological and psychophysical experiments have pointed out the crucial role of recurrent and feedback connections to process context-dependent information in the early visual cortex. While numerous models have accounted for feedback effe...

Unsupervised neural network models of the ventral visual stream.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Deep neural networks currently provide the best quantitative models of the response patterns of neurons throughout the primate ventral visual stream. However, such networks have remained implausible as a model of the development of the ventral stream...

Fast and precise single-cell data analysis using a hierarchical autoencoder.

Nature communications
A primary challenge in single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) studies comes from the massive amount of data and the excess noise level. To address this challenge, we introduce an analysis framework, named single-cell Decomposition using Hierarchical ...

Functional parcellation of mouse visual cortex using statistical techniques reveals response-dependent clustering of cortical processing areas.

PLoS computational biology
The visual cortex of the mouse brain can be divided into ten or more areas that each contain complete or partial retinotopic maps of the contralateral visual field. It is generally assumed that these areas represent discrete processing regions. In co...