Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Showing 2,361 to 2,370 of 202,214 articles

Comfort with AI for HIV Prevention Among Cisgender Women in New York City

medRxiv Jun 3, 2026
Background: Long-acting pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) expands HIV prevention options for women. However, PrEP impact depends on addressing persistent gaps in awareness, access, and use. Artificial intelligence (AI) tools, including conversational a... read more 
health informatics

Leveraging Digitization, Archiving and Artificial Intelligence to Re-examine Predictors of Sustained Mental Health Care Engagement in Ugandan First-Episode Psychosis Patients: A Study Protocol

medRxiv Jun 3, 2026
Background: We previously examined the burden and predictors of sustained mental health care engagement in Ugandan first episode psychosis patients by retrospective chart review methods. However, the extensive requirements of chart reviews meant that... read more 
psychiatry and clinical psychology

Simple cumulative weighting of routine surveillance data identifies epidemic wave origins more accurately than a large language model: evidence from eight COVID-19 waves in Japan

medRxiv Jun 3, 2026
Identifying the origin of an emerging epidemic wave within days of onset could enable targeted response before national spread, yet current methods rely on genomic sequencing that lags clinical detection by 2-4 weeks. We analysed daily COVID-19 cases... read more 
public and global health

Automatic Speech Recognition and Phonetics-Informed Sentence Design for Spastic Dysarthria Detection and Corticobulbar Lesion Localization

medRxiv Jun 3, 2026
Spastic dysarthria diagnosis through subjective neurologist auditory-perceptual assessment remains standard practice despite known inaccuracy. To address this gap, we developed an objective framework grounded in phonetic evidence that spastic dysarth... read more 
neurology

Agentic Authoring of OMOP Concept Sets from Natural Language

medRxiv Jun 3, 2026
Authoring OMOP concept sets from free-text descriptions remains a major bottleneck in scalable computable phenotyping for observational research. Existing tools support parts of this workflow but are designed primarily for interactive expert use rath... read more 
health informatics

Audited large language model triage for systematic review screening in national clinical guideline production: validation and prospective deployment

medRxiv Jun 3, 2026
Title and abstract screening limit the timeliness of systematic reviews used for clinical guidelines. We evaluated audited large language model (LLM) triage at Sweden's National Board of Health and Welfare. Ten LLMs from five model families were test... read more 
health informatics

Agentic Chart Review from Longitudinal Clinical Notes: a Lung Cancer Guideline Concordance Use Case

medRxiv Jun 3, 2026
Clinical chart abstraction extracts structured patient variables from longitudinal clinical notes but is labor-intensive and difficult to scale. We evaluated LLM agents for question-guided chart review using lung cancer molecular testing guideline co... read more 
oncology

Exploring the Interpretability of AI Decision Support Systems for Surgical Anatomy Recognition

medRxiv Jun 3, 2026
Artificial intelligence (AI) decision support systems for surgery hold promise but face barriers to adoption, particularly around the interpretability of their outputs. We conducted an international cross-sectional survey of 47 neurosurgeons to evalu... read more 
surgery

Interpretable machine learning for coeliac disease diagnosis: quantitative morphometry of duodenal biopsies

medRxiv Jun 3, 2026
Background Coeliac disease affects approximately 1% of the global population and remains substantially underdiagnosed. Histopathological assessment of duodenal biopsies is the diagnostic gold standard but is subject to approximately 20% inter-observe... read more 
pathology

Automated assessment of neonatal internal capsule maturation on T2-weighted MRI across 7T and 3T

medRxiv Jun 3, 2026
Motivation: Quantitative assessment of neonatal internal capsule (IC) maturation remains largely reliant on qual- itative visual evaluation, limiting objectivity and scalability. Approach: We developed a fully automated 3D deep learning framework for... read more 
radiology and imaging
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