AI Medical Compendium Journal:
JCO clinical cancer informatics

Showing 71 to 80 of 163 articles

Histology-Based Prediction of Therapy Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy for Esophageal and Esophagogastric Junction Adenocarcinomas Using Deep Learning.

JCO clinical cancer informatics
PURPOSE: Quantifying treatment response to gastroesophageal junction (GEJ) adenocarcinomas is crucial to provide an optimal therapeutic strategy. Routinely taken tissue samples provide an opportunity to enhance existing positron emission tomography-c...

Automated Matching of Patients to Clinical Trials: A Patient-Centric Natural Language Processing Approach for Pediatric Leukemia.

JCO clinical cancer informatics
PURPOSE: Matching patients to clinical trials is cumbersome and costly. Attempts have been made to automate the matching process; however, most have used a trial-centric approach, which focuses on a single trial. In this study, we developed a patient...

Natural Language Processing Methods to Empirically Explore Social Contexts and Needs in Cancer Patient Notes.

JCO clinical cancer informatics
PURPOSE: There is an unmet need to empirically explore and understand drivers of cancer disparities, particularly social determinants of health. We explored natural language processing methods to automatically and empirically extract clinical documen...

Integrative Imaging Informatics for Cancer Research: Workflow Automation for Neuro-Oncology (I3CR-WANO).

JCO clinical cancer informatics
PURPOSE: Efforts to use growing volumes of clinical imaging data to generate tumor evaluations continue to require significant manual data wrangling, owing to data heterogeneity. Here, we propose an artificial intelligence-based solution for the aggr...

Novel Generative Recurrent Neural Network Framework to Produce Accurate, Applicable, and Deidentified Synthetic Medical Data for Patients With Metastatic Cancer.

JCO clinical cancer informatics
PURPOSE: Sensitive patient data cannot be easily shared/analyzed, severely limiting the innovative progress of research, specifically for marginalized/under-represented populations. Existing methods of deidentification are subject to data breaches. T...

Image-Based Deep Neural Network for Individualizing Radiotherapy Dose Is Transportable Across Health Systems.

JCO clinical cancer informatics
PURPOSE: We developed a deep neural network that queries the lung computed tomography-derived feature space to identify radiation sensitivity parameters that can predict treatment failures and hence guide the individualization of radiotherapy dose. I...

Identifying Nonpatient Authors of Patient Portal Secure Messages in Oncology: A Proof-of-Concept Demonstration of Natural Language Processing Methods.

JCO clinical cancer informatics
PURPOSE: Patient portal secure messages are not always authored by the patient account holder. Understanding who authored the message is particularly important in an oncology setting where symptom reporting is crucial to patient treatment. Natural la...

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Approach Leveraging Real-World Clinical Narratives as a Predictor of Survival in Advanced Cancer.

JCO clinical cancer informatics
PURPOSE: Predicting short-term mortality in patients with advanced cancer remains challenging. Whether digitalized clinical text can be used to build models to enhance survival prediction in this population is unclear.

Cautious Artificial Intelligence Improves Outcomes and Trust by Flagging Outlier Cases.

JCO clinical cancer informatics
PURPOSE: Artificial intelligence (AI) models for medical image diagnosis are often trained and validated on curated data. However, in a clinical setting, images that are outliers with respect to the training data, such as those representing rare dise...