AI Medical Compendium Journal:
Research synthesis methods

Showing 1 to 10 of 18 articles

An evaluation of the performance of stopping rules in AI-aided screening for psychological meta-analytical research.

Research synthesis methods
Several AI-aided screening tools have emerged to tackle the ever-expanding body of literature. These tools employ active learning, where algorithms sort abstracts based on human feedback. However, researchers using these tools face a crucial dilemma:...

Zero- and few-shot prompting of generative large language models provides weak assessment of risk of bias in clinical trials.

Research synthesis methods
Existing systems for automating the assessment of risk-of-bias (RoB) in medical studies are supervised approaches that require substantial training data to work well. However, recent revisions to RoB guidelines have resulted in a scarcity of availabl...

Can large language models replace humans in systematic reviews? Evaluating GPT-4's efficacy in screening and extracting data from peer-reviewed and grey literature in multiple languages.

Research synthesis methods
Systematic reviews are vital for guiding practice, research and policy, although they are often slow and labour-intensive. Large language models (LLMs) could speed up and automate systematic reviews, but their performance in such tasks has yet to be ...

Data extraction for evidence synthesis using a large language model: A proof-of-concept study.

Research synthesis methods
Data extraction is a crucial, yet labor-intensive and error-prone part of evidence synthesis. To date, efforts to harness machine learning for enhancing efficiency of the data extraction process have fallen short of achieving sufficient accuracy and ...

Methods for using Bing's AI-powered search engine for data extraction for a systematic review.

Research synthesis methods
Data extraction is a time-consuming and resource-intensive task in the systematic review process. Natural language processing (NLP) artificial intelligence (AI) techniques have the potential to automate data extraction saving time and resources, acce...

A comparison of machine learning methods to find clinical trials for inclusion in new systematic reviews from their PROSPERO registrations prior to searching and screening.

Research synthesis methods
Searching for trials is a key task in systematic reviews and a focus of automation. Previous approaches required knowing examples of relevant trials in advance, and most methods are focused on published trial articles. To complement existing tools, w...

An open competition involving thousands of competitors failed to construct useful abstract classifiers for new diagnostic test accuracy systematic reviews.

Research synthesis methods
There are currently no abstract classifiers, which can be used for new diagnostic test accuracy (DTA) systematic reviews to select primary DTA study abstracts from database searches. Our goal was to develop machine-learning-based abstract classifiers...

A real-world evaluation of the implementation of NLP technology in abstract screening of a systematic review.

Research synthesis methods
The laborious and time-consuming nature of systematic review production hinders the dissemination of up-to-date evidence synthesis. Well-performing natural language processing (NLP) tools for systematic reviews have been developed, showing promise to...

In-depth evaluation of machine learning methods for semi-automating article screening in a systematic review of mechanistic literature.

Research synthesis methods
We aimed to evaluate the performance of supervised machine learning algorithms in predicting articles relevant for full-text review in a systematic review. Overall, 16,430 manually screened titles/abstracts, including 861 references identified releva...

Using artificial intelligence methods for systematic review in health sciences: A systematic review.

Research synthesis methods
The exponential increase in published articles makes a thorough and expedient review of literature increasingly challenging. This review delineated automated tools and platforms that employ artificial intelligence (AI) approaches and evaluated the re...