AIMC Journal:
Medical physics

Showing 331 to 340 of 732 articles

Automatic coronavirus disease 2019 diagnosis based on chest radiography and deep learning - Success story or dataset bias?

Medical physics Jan 12, 2022
PURPOSE: Over the last 2 years, the artificial intelligence (AI) community has presented several automatic screening tools for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) based on chest radiography (CXR), with reported accuracies often well over 90%. However...
Radiography Bias Artificial Intelligence COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 Deep Learning Humans
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Reconstruction of three-dimensional tomographic patient models for radiation dose modulation in CT from two scout views using deep learning.

Medical physics Jan 6, 2022
BACKGROUND: A tomographic patient model is essential for radiation dose modulation in x-ray computed tomography (CT). Currently, two-view scout images (also known as topograms) are used to estimate patient models with relatively uniform attenuation c...
Humans Retrospective Studies Radiation Dosage Tomography, X-Ray Computed Phantoms, Imaging Deep Learning
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Noise reduction profile: A new method for evaluation of noise reduction techniques in CT.

Medical physics Dec 15, 2021
PURPOSE: Noise power spectrum (NPS) is a commonly used performance metric to evaluate noise-reduction techniques (NRT) in imaging systems. The images reconstructed with and without an NRT can be compared via their NPS to better understand the NRT's e...
Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Phantoms, Imaging Algorithms Radiation Dosage Tomography, X-Ray Computed Artificial Intelligence
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Progressive attention module for segmentation of volumetric medical images.

Medical physics Dec 15, 2021
PURPOSE: Medical image segmentation is critical for many medical image analysis applications. 3D convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been widely adopted in the segmentation of volumetric medical images. The recent development of channelwise and...
Tomography, X-Ray Computed Imaging, Three-Dimensional Neural Networks, Computer Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Costs and Cost Analysis
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A deep learning method for eliminating head motion artifacts in computed tomography.

Medical physics Dec 10, 2021
PURPOSE: Involuntary patient movement results in data discontinuities during computed tomography (CT) scans which lead to a serious degradation in the image quality. In this paper, we specifically address artifacts induced by patient motion during a ...
Deep Learning Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Artifacts Neural Networks, Computer Tomography, X-Ray Computed Humans
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RootPainter3D: Interactive-machine-learning enables rapid and accurate contouring for radiotherapy.

Medical physics Dec 10, 2021
PURPOSE: Organ-at-risk contouring is still a bottleneck in radiotherapy, with many deep learning methods falling short of promised results when evaluated on clinical data. We investigate the accuracy and time-savings resulting from the use of an inte...
Deep Learning Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Tomography, X-Ray Computed Heart Machine Learning
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Vocal cord lesions classification based on deep convolutional neural network and transfer learning.

Medical physics Dec 8, 2021
PURPOSE: Laryngoscopy, the most common diagnostic method for vocal cord lesions (VCLs), is based mainly on the visual subjective inspection of otolaryngologists. This study aimed to establish a highly objective computer-aided VCLs diagnosis system ba...
ROC Curve Area Under Curve Machine Learning Vocal Cords Neural Networks, Computer
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Deep multi-instance transfer learning for pneumothorax classification in chest X-ray images.

Medical physics Dec 7, 2021
PURPOSE: Pneumothorax is a life-threatening emergency that requires immediate treatment. Frontal-view chest X-ray images are typically used for pneumothorax detection in clinical practice. However, manual review of radiographs is time-consuming, labo...
X-Rays Pneumothorax Thorax Retrospective Studies Deep Learning Humans
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A review of explainable and interpretable AI with applications in COVID-19 imaging.

Medical physics Dec 7, 2021
The development of medical imaging artificial intelligence (AI) systems for evaluating COVID-19 patients has demonstrated potential for improving clinical decision making and assessing patient outcomes during the recent COVID-19 pandemic. These have ...
Humans Artificial Intelligence Pandemics Diagnostic Imaging SARS-CoV-2 COVID-19
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Automatic upper airway segmentation in static and dynamic MRI via anatomy-guided convolutional neural networks.

Medical physics Dec 2, 2021
PURPOSE: Upper airway segmentation on MR images is a prerequisite step for quantitatively studying the anatomical structure and function of the upper airway and surrounding tissues. However, the complex variability of intensity and shape of anatomica...
Neural Networks, Computer Lung Humans Magnetic Resonance Imaging Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
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