AI Medical Compendium Topic:
Computational Biology

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How well do models of visual cortex generalize to out of distribution samples?

PLoS computational biology
Unit activity in particular deep neural networks (DNNs) are remarkably similar to the neuronal population responses to static images along the primate ventral visual cortex. Linear combinations of DNN unit activities are widely used to build predicti...

Estimating receptive fields of simple and complex cells in early visual cortex: A convolutional neural network model with parameterized rectification.

PLoS computational biology
Neurons in the primary visual cortex respond selectively to simple features of visual stimuli, such as orientation and spatial frequency. Simple cells, which have phase-sensitive responses, can be modeled by a single receptive field filter in a linea...

Equivariant score-based generative diffusion framework for 3D molecules.

BMC bioinformatics
BACKGROUND: Molecular biology is crucial for drug discovery, protein design, and human health. Due to the vastness of the drug-like chemical space, depending on biomedical experts to manually design molecules is exceedingly expensive. Utilizing gener...

Identification of drug responsive enhancers by predicting chromatin accessibility change from perturbed gene expression profiles.

NPJ systems biology and applications
Individual may response to drug treatment differently due to their genetic variants located in enhancers. These variants can alter transcription factor's (TF) binding strength, affect enhancer's chromatin activity or interaction, and eventually chang...

Application of artificial intelligence and machine learning techniques to the analysis of dynamic protein sequences.

Proteins
We apply methods of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning to protein dynamic bioinformatics. We rewrite the sequences of a large protein data set, containing both folded and intrinsically disordered molecules, using a representation developed ...

DSSGNN-PPI: A Protein-Protein Interactions prediction model based on Double Structure and Sequence graph neural networks.

Computers in biology and medicine
The process of experimentally confirming complex interaction networks among proteins is time-consuming and laborious. This study aims to address Protein-Protein Interactions (PPIs) prediction based on graph neural networks (GNN). A novel multilevel p...

Machine learning-derived immunosenescence index for predicting outcome and drug sensitivity in patients with skin cutaneous melanoma.

Genes and immunity
The functions of immunosenescence are closely related to skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM). The aim of this study is to uncover the characteristics of immunosenescence index (ISI) to identify novel biomarkers and potential targets for treatment. Firstly...

Leveraging conformal prediction to annotate enzyme function space with limited false positives.

PLoS computational biology
Machine learning (ML) is increasingly being used to guide biological discovery in biomedicine such as prioritizing promising small molecules in drug discovery. In those applications, ML models are used to predict the properties of biological systems,...

Artificial intelligence and neoantigens: paving the path for precision cancer immunotherapy.

Frontiers in immunology
Cancer immunotherapy has witnessed rapid advancement in recent years, with a particular focus on neoantigens as promising targets for personalized treatments. The convergence of immunogenomics, bioinformatics, and artificial intelligence (AI) has pro...

On knowing a gene: A distributional hypothesis of gene function.

Cell systems
As words can have multiple meanings that depend on sentence context, genes can have various functions that depend on the surrounding biological system. This pleiotropic nature of gene function is limited by ontologies, which annotate gene functions w...