AIMC Topic: Natural Language Processing

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Dynamic few-shot prompting for clinical note section classification using lightweight, open-source large language models.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA
OBJECTIVE: Unlocking clinical information embedded in clinical notes has been hindered to a significant degree by domain-specific and context-sensitive language. Identification of note sections and structural document elements has been shown to impro...

SigPhi-Med: A lightweight vision-language assistant for biomedicine.

Journal of biomedical informatics
BACKGROUND: Recent advancements in general multimodal large language models (MLLMs) have led to substantial improvements in the performance of biomedical MLLMs across diverse medical tasks, exhibiting significant transformative potential. However, th...

A medical information extraction model with contrastive tuning and tagging layer training.

Computers in biology and medicine
Medical information extraction, as a core task in medical intelligent systems, focuses on extracting necessary structured information from clinical texts. In recent years, deep learning-based methods have become mainstream and often achieve superior ...

Artificial intelligence in forensic mental health: A review of applications and implications.

Journal of forensic and legal medicine
This narrative review explores the transformative role of artificial intelligence (AI) in forensic mental health, focusing on its applications, benefits, limitations, and ethical considerations. AI's capabilities, particularly in areas such as risk a...

Biomedical text normalization through generative modeling.

Journal of biomedical informatics
OBJECTIVE: A large proportion of electronic health record (EHR) data consists of unstructured medical language text. The formatting of this text is often flexible and inconsistent, making it challenging to use for predictive modeling, clinical decisi...

AI-driven simplification of surgical reports in gynecologic oncology: A potential tool for patient education.

Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica
INTRODUCTION: The emergence of large language models heralds a new chapter in natural language processing, with immense potential for improving medical care and especially medical oncology. One recent and publicly available example is Generative Pret...

BERTAgent: The development of a novel tool to quantify agency in textual data.

Journal of experimental psychology. General
Pertaining to goal orientation and achievement, agency is a fundamental aspect of human cognition and behavior. Accordingly, detecting and quantifying linguistic encoding of agency are critical for the analysis of human actions, interactions, and soc...

Evaluating natural language processing derived linguistic features associated with current suicidal ideation, past attempts, and future suicidal behavior.

Journal of psychiatric research
BACKGROUND: People with psychosis have a higher suicide risk than the general population. Natural language processing (NLP) has been used to understand communication in psychosis and suicide risk prediction, but not to predict future suicidal behavio...

A comparative analysis of privacy-preserving large language models for automated echocardiography report analysis.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA
BACKGROUND: Automated data extraction from echocardiography reports could facilitate large-scale registry creation and clinical surveillance of valvular heart diseases (VHD). We evaluated the performance of open-source large language models (LLMs) gu...

The Evolution of Radiology Image Annotation in the Era of Large Language Models.

Radiology. Artificial intelligence
Although there are relatively few diverse, high-quality medical imaging datasets on which to train computer vision artificial intelligence models, even fewer datasets contain expertly classified observations that can be repurposed to train or test su...