Artificial Intelligence Medical Compendium

Objectives: Patients and clinicians increasingly ask large language models (LLMs) about Kampo, Japan's traditional medicine. Yet evaluations of LLMs have measured accuracy on examination questions, which ask what a model knows; a consultation asks wh... read more 

Background: Software tools can support MRI diagnosis of focal cortical dysplasias (FCDs) - subtle, surgically-treatable lesions that underlie drug-resistant focal epilepsy (DRFE). MELD-graph, a widely used open-source tool combining surface-based mor... read more 

Tissue-based assays provide broad screening for neural autoantibodies but remain vulnerable to technical and reader-dependent variability. We evaluated an integrated workflow combining automated 3,3'-diaminobenzidine tissue-based assay processing, di... read more 

Background: Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity that significantly affect cognitive, academic, and social function... read more 

Background: Machine Learning (ML) has shown promise in histopathological diagnosis, but rare tumours, like duodenal epithelial neoplasms, are challenging because large, labelled datasets are difficult to assemble. We propose a data-efficient ML pipel... read more 

Bloodstream infection (BSI) is a life-threatening condition where the risk of dying is affected by both patient- and pathogen-related factors. Certain microbial traits (e.g., virulence genes) are thought to affect survival rates from BSIs, but the ma... read more 

Fuchs endothelial corneal dystrophy is an inherited corneal endothelial disease that primarily affects middle-aged and elderly individuals. Due to the absence of obvious clinical symptoms in its early stages, it is often missed in diagnosis. If such ... read more 

Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a noninvasive, depth-resolved imaging modality that visualizes ocular microvascular networks based on blood flow-related motion contrast, without exogenous contrast agents. Owing to its ability to pr... read more 

BACKGROUND: Cervical artery dissection (CeAD) is a rare but life-threatening condition that commonly presents with non-specific symptoms such as neck and head pain, complicating early recognition in ambulatory care settings. The CeAD diagnostic decis... read more 

Combination pharmacotherapy remains a fundamental strategy in contemporary clinical practice. However, the concurrent use of multiple drugs substantially increases the risk of harmful drug-drug interaction events (DDIEs). Developing reliable computat... read more