AI Medical Compendium Journal:
Physics in medicine and biology

Showing 1 to 10 of 525 articles

Towards large nuclear imaging system optical simulations with optiGAN, a generative adversarial network.

Physics in medicine and biology
Optical Monte Carlo (MC) simulations are essential for modeling light transport in radiation detectors used in nuclear imaging and high-energy physics. However, full-system simulations remain computationally prohibitive due to the need to track optic...

Deep learning-based applicator selection between Syed and T&O in high-dose-rate brachytherapy for locally advanced cervical cancer: a retrospective study.

Physics in medicine and biology
High-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy is integral to the standard-of-care for locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC). Currently, selection of brachytherapy applicators relies on physician's clinical experience, which can lead to variability in treatmen...

Machine learning positioning algorithms for long semi-monolithic scintillator PET detectors.

Physics in medicine and biology
In this work, machine learning positioning algorithms are developed to improve the spatial resolutions of the semi-monolithic scintillator detectors in both monolithic () and depth of interaction () directions.Two long semi-monolithic scintillator de...

Uncertainty quantification for deep learning-based metastatic lesion segmentation on whole body PET/CT.

Physics in medicine and biology
Deep learning models are increasingly being implemented for automated medical image analysis to inform patient care. Most models, however, lack uncertainty information, without which the reliability of model outputs cannot be ensured. Several uncerta...

Whole-body CT-to-PET synthesis using a customized transformer-enhanced GAN.

Physics in medicine and biology
. Positron emission tomography with 2-deoxy-2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-D-glucose integrated with computed tomography (18F-FDG PET-CT) is a multi-modality medical imaging technique widely used for screening and diagnosis of lesions and tumors, in which, CT...

Recognizing artery segments on carotid ultrasonography using embedding concatenation of deep image and vision-language models.

Physics in medicine and biology
Evaluating large artery atherosclerosis is critical for predicting and preventing ischemic strokes. Ultrasonographic assessment of the carotid arteries is the preferred first-line examination due to its ease of use, noninvasive, and absence of radiat...

On factors that influence deep learning-based dose prediction of head and neck tumors.

Physics in medicine and biology
This study investigates key factors influencing deep learning-based dose prediction models for head and neck cancer radiation therapy. The goal is to evaluate model accuracy, robustness, and computational efficiency, and to identify key components ne...

Exploiting network optimization stability for enhanced PET image denoising using deep image prior.

Physics in medicine and biology
. Positron emission tomography (PET) is affected by statistical noise due to constraints on tracer dose and scan duration, impacting both diagnostic performance and quantitative accuracy. While deep learning-based PET denoising methods have been used...

Patient-specific uncertainty calibration of deep learning-based autosegmentation networks for adaptive MRI-guided lung radiotherapy.

Physics in medicine and biology
Uncertainty assessment of deep learning autosegmentation (DLAS) models can support contour corrections in adaptive radiotherapy (ART), e.g. by utilizing Monte Carlo Dropout (MCD) uncertainty maps. However, poorly calibrated uncertainties at the patie...

Photon-counting CT in cancer radiotherapy: technological advances and clinical benefits.

Physics in medicine and biology
Photon-counting computed tomography (PCCT) marks a significant advancement over conventional energy-integrating detector (EID) CT systems. This review highlights PCCT's superior spatial and contrast resolution, reduced radiation dose, and multi-energ...