AIMC Topic: Artificial Intelligence

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The Use and Prospects of Nonlethal Methods in Entomology.

Annual review of entomology
Arthropods are declining globally, and entomologists ought to be in the forefront of protecting them. However, entomological study methods are typically lethal, and we argue that this makes the ethical status of the profession precarious. Lethal meth...

The performance of artificial intelligence language models in board-style dental knowledge assessment: A preliminary study on ChatGPT.

Journal of the American Dental Association (1939)
BACKGROUND: Although Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer (ChatGPT) (OpenAI) may be an appealing educational resource for students, the chatbot responses can be subject to misinformation. This study was designed to evaluate the performance of Chat...

Label-Free Intracellular Multi-Specificity in Yeast Cells by Phase-Contrast Tomographic Flow Cytometry.

Small methods
In-flow phase-contrast tomography provides a 3D refractive index of label-free cells in cytometry systems. Its major limitation, as with any quantitative phase imaging approach, is the lack of specificity compared to fluorescence microscopy, thus res...

Deep learning-based reconstruction can improve canine thoracolumbar magnetic resonance image quality and reduce slice thickness.

Veterinary radiology & ultrasound : the official journal of the American College of Veterinary Radiology and the International Veterinary Radiology Association
In veterinary practice, thin-sliced thoracolumbar MRI is useful in detecting small lesions, especially in small-breed dogs. However, it is challenging due to the partial volume averaging effect and increase in scan time. Currently, deep learning-base...

Automated stereological image analysis approach of the human placenta: Surface areas and vascularization.

Placenta
Detecting and quantifying surface densities of placental villi and their vasculature adds important information on the development of the placenta under different exposures and pathological conditions. Today, a larger number of samples and tissue are...

Knowledge, perceptions and behaviours of endoscopists towards the use of artificial intelligence-aided colonoscopy.

Surgical endoscopy
BACKGROUND: Recent developments in artificial intelligence (AI) systems have enabled advancements in endoscopy. Deep learning systems, using convolutional neural networks, have allowed for real-time AI-aided detection of polyps with higher sensitivit...

Integrating Reaction Schemes, Reagent Databases, and Virtual Libraries into Fragment-Based Design by Reinforcement Learning.

Journal of chemical information and modeling
Lead optimization supported by artificial intelligence (AI)-based generative models has become increasingly important in drug design. Success factors are reagent availability, novelty, and the optimization of multiple properties. Directed fragment-re...

APPRAISE-AI Tool for Quantitative Evaluation of AI Studies for Clinical Decision Support.

JAMA network open
IMPORTANCE: Artificial intelligence (AI) has gained considerable attention in health care, yet concerns have been raised around appropriate methods and fairness. Current AI reporting guidelines do not provide a means of quantifying overall quality of...