AIMC Topic: Probability

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Advancing neural network calibration: The role of gradient decay in large-margin Softmax optimization.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society Jun 11, 2024
This study introduces a novel hyperparameter in the Softmax function to regulate the rate of gradient decay, which is dependent on sample probability. Our theoretical and empirical analyses reveal that both model generalization and calibration are si...
Machine Learning Algorithms Probability Calibration Humans Neural Networks, Computer
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Applying an explainable machine learning model might reduce the number of negative appendectomies in pediatric patients with a high probability of acute appendicitis.

Scientific reports Jun 4, 2024
The diagnosis of acute appendicitis and concurrent surgery referral is primarily based on clinical presentation, laboratory and radiological imaging. However, utilizing such an approach results in as much as 10-15% of negative appendectomies. Hence, ...
Sensitivity and Specificity Male Adolescent Algorithms Humans Female Machine Learning Appendicitis Probability Appendectomy Child, Preschool Child Acute Disease
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Evaluation of an automated clinical decision system with deep learning dose prediction and NTCP model for prostate cancer proton therapy.

Physics in medicine and biology May 30, 2024
To evaluate the feasibility of using a deep learning dose prediction approach to identify patients who could benefit most from proton therapy based on the normal tissue complication probability (NTCP) model.Two 3D UNets were established to predict ph...
Male Deep Learning Decision Support Systems, Clinical Humans Probability Automation Radiation Dosage Prostatic Neoplasms Organs at Risk Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted Uncertainty Radiotherapy Dosage Proton Therapy
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A novel MCGDM technique based on correlation coefficients under probabilistic hesitant fuzzy environment and its application in clinical comprehensive evaluation of orphan drugs.

PloS one May 6, 2024
Probabilistic hesitant fuzzy sets (PHFSs) are superior to hesitant fuzzy sets (HFSs) in avoiding the problem of preference information loss among decision makers (DMs). Owing to this benefit, PHFSs have been extensively investigated. In probabilistic...
Orphan Drug Production Fuzzy Logic Humans Decision Making Algorithms Probability
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A probabilistic knowledge graph for target identification.

PLoS computational biology Apr 5, 2024
Early identification of safe and efficacious disease targets is crucial to alleviating the tremendous cost of drug discovery projects. However, existing experimental methods for identifying new targets are generally labor-intensive and failure-prone....
Probability Algorithms Melanoma Colorectal Neoplasms Drug Discovery Computational Biology Humans Neural Networks, Computer Machine Learning
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Data reduction for SVM training using density-based border identification.

PloS one Apr 3, 2024
Numerous classification and regression problems have extensively used Support Vector Machines (SVMs). However, the SVM approach is less practical for large datasets because of its processing cost. This is primarily due to the requirement of optimizin...
Algorithms Support Vector Machine Cluster Analysis Probability
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[ChatGPT is an above-average student at the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Zaragoza and an excellent collaborator in the development of teaching materials].

Revista espanola de patologia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Anatomia Patologica y de la Sociedad Espanola de Citologia Mar 16, 2024
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Artificial intelligence is fully present in our lives. In education, the possibilities of its use are endless, both for students and teachers.
Faculty Students Probability Teaching Materials Humans Artificial Intelligence
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Cluster-Based Toxicity Estimation of Osteoradionecrosis Via Unsupervised Machine Learning: Moving Beyond Single Dose-Parameter Normal Tissue Complication Probability by Using Whole Dose-Volume Histograms for Cohort Risk Stratification.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics Mar 10, 2024
PURPOSE: Given the limitations of extant models for normal tissue complication probability estimation for osteoradionecrosis (ORN) of the mandible, the purpose of this study was to enrich statistical inference by exploiting structural properties of d...
Osteoradionecrosis Mandibular Diseases Humans Retrospective Studies Female Support Vector Machine Risk Assessment Organs at Risk Aged Cluster Analysis Mandible Probability Male Adult Unsupervised Machine Learning Head and Neck Neoplasms Radiotherapy Dosage Middle Aged
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An explainable machine learning-based probabilistic framework for the design of scaffolds in bone tissue engineering.

Biomechanics and modeling in mechanobiology Feb 28, 2024
Recently, 3D-printed biodegradable scaffolds have shown great potential for bone repair in critical-size fractures. The differentiation of the cells on a scaffold is impacted among other factors by the surface deformation of the scaffold due to mecha...
Computer Simulation Probability Polyesters Humans Machine Learning Bone and Bones Stress, Mechanical Tissue Engineering Tissue Scaffolds
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Enhancing adversarial attacks with resize-invariant and logical ensemble.

Neural networks : the official journal of the International Neural Network Society Feb 20, 2024
In black-box scenarios, most transfer-based attacks usually improve the transferability of adversarial examples by optimizing the gradient calculation of the input image. Unfortunately, since the gradient information is only calculated and optimized ...
Neural Networks, Computer Probability
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