AI Medical Compendium Topic:
Prospective Studies

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Predictive uncertainty estimation for out-of-distribution detection in digital pathology.

Medical image analysis
Machine learning model deployment in clinical practice demands real-time risk assessment to identify situations in which the model is uncertain. Once deployed, models should be accurate for classes seen during training while providing informative est...

Robotic transanal excision of rectal lesions: expert perspective and literature review.

Journal of robotic surgery
Transanal excision of benign lesions, moderately or well-differentiated rectal T1 adenocarcinomas is typically completed via transanal endoscopic microsurgery (TEM) or laparoscopic transanal minimally invasive surgery (TAMIS). Robotic platforms provi...

A validated artificial intelligence-based pipeline for population-wide primary immunodeficiency screening.

The Journal of allergy and clinical immunology
BACKGROUND: Identification of patients with underlying inborn errors of immunity and inherent susceptibility to infection remains challenging. The ensuing protracted diagnostic odyssey for such patients often results in greater morbidity and suboptim...

Pivotal challenges in artificial intelligence and machine learning applications for neonatal care.

Seminars in fetal & neonatal medicine
Clinical decision support systems (CDSS) that are developed based on artificial intelligence and machine learning (AI/ML) approaches carry transformative potentials in improving the way neonatal care is practiced. From the use of the data available f...

Feature Tracking and Segmentation in Real Time via Deep Learning in Vitreoretinal Surgery: A Platform for Artificial Intelligence-Mediated Surgical Guidance.

Ophthalmology. Retina
PURPOSE: This study investigated whether a deep-learning neural network can detect and segment surgical instrumentation and relevant tissue boundaries and landmarks within the retina using imaging acquired from a surgical microscope in real time, wit...

Evaluation of Melanoma Thickness with Clinical Close-up and Dermoscopic Images Using a Convolutional Neural Network.

Acta dermato-venereologica
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have shown promise in discriminating between invasive and in situ melanomas. The aim of this study was to analyse how a CNN model, integrating both clinical close-up and dermoscopic images, performed compared with...

Efficacy and Safety of Robot-assisted AUS Implantation Surgery in Treating Severe Stress Urinary Incontinence: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Urology
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness and safety of robot-assisted artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) implantation surgery for female patients with severe stress urinary incontinences (SUI) by performing a systematic literature review.

Machine Learning-Enabled Fully Automated Assessment of Left Ventricular Volume, Ejection Fraction and Strain: Experience in Pediatric and Young Adult Echocardiography.

Pediatric cardiology
BACKGROUND: Left ventricular (LV) volumes, ejection fraction (EF), and myocardial strain have been shown to be predictive of clinical and subclinical heart disease. Automation of LV functional assessment overcomes difficult technical challenges and c...

Systematic analysis of the test design and performance of AI/ML-based medical devices approved for triage/detection/diagnosis in the USA and Japan.

Scientific reports
The development of computer-aided detection (CAD) using artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) is rapidly evolving. Submission of AI/ML-based CAD devices for regulatory approval requires information about clinical trial design and per...