AI Medical Compendium Topic

Explore the latest research on artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine.

Cerebral Cortex

Showing 11 to 20 of 271 articles

Clear Filters

Subcortical and insula functional connectivity aberrations and clinical implications in first-episode schizophrenia.

Asian journal of psychiatry
INTRODUCTION: Schizophrenia is a complex mental disorder whose pathophysiology remains elusive, particularly in the roles of subcortex. This study aims to explore the role of subcortex and insula and their relationship with symptom changes in first-e...

The Developing Human Connectome Project: A fast deep learning-based pipeline for neonatal cortical surface reconstruction.

Medical image analysis
The Developing Human Connectome Project (dHCP) aims to explore developmental patterns of the human brain during the perinatal period. An automated processing pipeline has been developed to extract high-quality cortical surfaces from structural brain ...

Predicting cortical-thalamic functional connectivity using functional near-infrared spectroscopy and graph convolutional networks.

Scientific reports
Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) measures cortical hemodynamic changes, yet it cannot collect this information from subcortical structures, such as the thalamus, which is involved in several key functional networks. To address this drawb...

Semantic-spatial feature-fused cortical surface parcellation: a scale-unified spatial learning network with boundary contrastive loss.

Medical & biological engineering & computing
The cortical surface parcellation provides prior guidance for studying mental disorders and human cognition. Graph neural networks (GNNs) have gained popularity in this task to preserve its spatial structure. However, previous GNNs struggled to effec...

A Self-supervised Deep Learning Model for Diagonal Sulcus Detection with Limited Labeled Data.

Neuroinformatics
Sulci are a fundamental part of brain morphology, closely linked to brain function, cognition, and behavior. Tertiary sulci, characterized as the shallowest and smallest subtype, pose a challenging task for detection. The diagonal sulcus (ds), locate...

Decoding cortical folding patterns in marmosets using machine learning and large language model.

NeuroImage
Macroscale neuroimaging results have revealed significant differences in the structural and functional connectivity patterns of gyri and sulci in the primate cerebral cortex. Despite these findings, understanding these differences at the molecular le...

Predicting Antidepressant Treatment Response From Cortical Structure on MRI: A Mega-Analysis From the ENIGMA-MDD Working Group.

Human brain mapping
Accurately predicting individual antidepressant treatment response could expedite the lengthy trial-and-error process of finding an effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). We tested and compared machine learning-based methods that pr...

Geometric deep learning with adaptive full-band spatial diffusion for accurate, efficient, and robust cortical parcellation.

Medical image analysis
Cortical parcellation delineates the cerebral cortex into distinct regions according to their distinctiveness in anatomy and/or function, which is a fundamental preprocess in brain cortex analysis and can influence the accuracy and specificity of sub...

Hybrid neural networks for continual learning inspired by corticohippocampal circuits.

Nature communications
Current artificial systems suffer from catastrophic forgetting during continual learning, a limitation absent in biological systems. Biological mechanisms leverage the dual representation of specific and generalized memories within corticohippocampal...

Leveraging Input-Level Feature Deformation With Guided-Attention for Sulcal Labeling.

IEEE transactions on medical imaging
The identification of cortical sulci is key for understanding functional and structural development of the cortex. While large, consistent sulci (or primary/secondary sulci) receive significant attention in most studies, the exploration of smaller an...