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Forensic Genetics

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Ethical and security challenges in AI for forensic genetics: From bias to adversarial attacks.

Forensic science international. Genetics
Forensic scientists play a crucial role in assigning probabilities to evidence based on competing hypotheses, which is fundamental in legal contexts where propositions are presented usually by prosecution and defense. The likelihood ratio (LR) is a w...

AI-driven feature selection and epigenetic pattern analysis: A screening strategy of CpGs validated by pyrosequencing for body fluid identification.

Forensic science international
Identification of body fluid stain at crime scene is one of the important tasks of forensic evidence analysis. Currently, body fluid-specific CpGs detected by DNA methylation microarray screening, have been widely studied for forensic body fluid iden...

A multi-class support vector machine classification model based on 14 microRNAs for forensic body fluid identification.

Forensic science international. Genetics
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are promising biomarkers for forensic body fluid identification owing to their small size, stability against degradation, and differential expression patterns. However, the expression of most body fluid-miRNAs is relative (differen...

Bacterial profile-based body fluid identification using a machine learning approach.

Genes & genomics
BACKGROUND: Identifying the origins of biological traces is critical for the reconstruction of crime scenes in forensic investigations. Traditional methods for body fluid identification rely on chemical, enzymatic, immunological, and spectroscopic te...

Developing a Machine Learning 'Smart' Polymerase Chain Reaction Thermocycler Part 2: Putting the Theoretical Framework into Practice.

Genes
The introduction of PCR into forensic science and the rapid increases in the sensitivity, specificity and discrimination power of DNA profiling that followed have been fundamental in shaping the field of forensic biology. Despite these developments, ...

Development of a two-layer machine learning model for the forensic application of legal and illegal poppy classification based on sequence data.

Forensic science international. Genetics
Poppies are beneficial plants with a variety of applications, including medicinal, edible, ornamental, and industrial purposes. Some Papaver species are forensically significant plants because they contain opium, a narcotic substance. Internationally...

The application of machine learning to predict genetic relatedness using human mtDNA hypervariable region I sequences.

PloS one
Human identification of unknown samples following disaster and mass casualty events is essential, especially to bring closure to family and friends of the deceased. Unfortunately, victim identification is often challenging for forensic investigators ...

Evaluation of supervised machine-learning methods for predicting appearance traits from DNA.

Forensic science international. Genetics
The prediction of human externally visible characteristics (EVCs) based solely on DNA information has become an established approach in forensic and anthropological genetics in recent years. While for a large set of EVCs, predictive models have alrea...

A machine learning toolkit for genetic engineering attribution to facilitate biosecurity.

Nature communications
The promise of biotechnology is tempered by its potential for accidental or deliberate misuse. Reliably identifying telltale signatures characteristic to different genetic designers, termed 'genetic engineering attribution', would deter misuse, yet i...