AIMC Topic: Large Language Models

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Automated identification of incidental hepatic steatosis on Emergency Department imaging using large language models.

Hepatology communications
BACKGROUND: Hepatic steatosis is a precursor to more severe liver disease, increasing morbidity and mortality risks. In the Emergency Department, routine abdominal imaging often reveals incidental hepatic steatosis that goes undiagnosed due to the ac...

Injury degree appraisal of large language model based on retrieval-augmented generation and deep learning.

International journal of law and psychiatry
Large Language Models (LLMs) have shown impressive performance in various natural language processing tasks. However, their application in specialized domains like forensic injury appraisal remains challenging due to the lack of domain-specific knowl...

Supervised machine learning compared to large language models for identifying functional seizures from medical records.

Epilepsia
OBJECTIVE: The Functional Seizures Likelihood Score (FSLS) is a supervised machine learning-based diagnostic score that was developed to differentiate functional seizures (FS) from epileptic seizures (ES). In contrast to this targeted approach, large...

Large Language Models-Supported Thrombectomy Decision-Making in Acute Ischemic Stroke Based on Radiology Reports: Feasibility Qualitative Study.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: The latest advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) is generative pretrained transformer large language models (LLMs). They have been trained on massive amounts of text, enabling humanlike and semantical responses to text-based inputs ...

Table tennis coaching system based on a multimodal large language model with a table tennis knowledge base.

PloS one
UNLABELLED: Table tennis is one of the most popular sports in the world, and it plays a positive role in the overall development of people's physical and mental health. This study develops an AI table tennis coaching system using a Multimodal Large L...

AI-enabled language models (LMs) to large language models (LLMs) and multimodal large language models (MLLMs) in drug discovery and development.

Journal of advanced research
BACKGROUND: Due to the recent revolution of artificial intelligence (AI), AI-enabled large language models (LLMs) have flourished and started to be applied in various sectors of science and medicine. Drug discovery and development are time-consuming,...

Empowering large language models for automated clinical assessment with generation-augmented retrieval and hierarchical chain-of-thought.

Artificial intelligence in medicine
BACKGROUND: Understanding and extracting valuable information from electronic health records (EHRs) is important for improving healthcare delivery and health outcomes. Large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated significant proficiency in natural ...

The large language model diagnoses tuberculous pleural effusion in pleural effusion patients through clinical feature landscapes.

Respiratory research
BACKGROUND: Tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) is a challenging extrapulmonary manifestation of tuberculosis, with traditional diagnostic methods often involving invasive surgery and being time-consuming. While various machine learning and statistica...

Performance Assessment of Large Language Models in Medical Consultation: Comparative Study.

JMIR medical informatics
BACKGROUND: The recent introduction of generative artificial intelligence (AI) as an interactive consultant has sparked interest in evaluating its applicability in medical discussions and consultations, particularly within the domain of depression.

Accuracy of Commercial Large Language Model (ChatGPT) to Predict the Diagnosis for Prehospital Patients Suitable for Ambulance Transport Decisions: Diagnostic Accuracy Study.

Prehospital emergency care
OBJECTIVES: While ambulance transport decisions guided by artificial intelligence (AI) could be useful, little is known of the accuracy of AI in making patient diagnoses based on the pre-hospital patient care report (PCR). The primary objective of th...