AI Medical Compendium Topic

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Integrating plan complexity and dosiomics features with deep learning in patient-specific quality assurance for volumetric modulated arc therapy.

Radiation oncology (London, England)
PURPOSE: To investigate the feasibility and performance of deep learning (DL) models combined with plan complexity (PC) and dosiomics features in the patient-specific quality assurance (PSQA) for patients underwent volumetric modulated arc therapy (V...

Optimizing Two-Way Partial AUC With an End-to-End Framework.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence
The Area Under the ROC Curve (AUC) is a crucial metric for machine learning, which evaluates the average performance over all possible True Positive Rates (TPRs) and False Positive Rates (FPRs). Based on the knowledge that a skillful classifier shoul...

Detection of incomplete atypical femoral fracture on anteroposterior radiographs via explainable artificial intelligence.

Scientific reports
One of the key aspects of the diagnosis and treatment of atypical femoral fractures is the early detection of incomplete fractures and the prevention of their progression to complete fractures. However, an incomplete atypical femoral fracture can be ...

Comparison and fusion prediction model for lung adenocarcinoma with micropapillary and solid pattern using clinicoradiographic, radiomics and deep learning features.

Scientific reports
To investigate whether the combination scheme of deep learning score (DL-score) and radiomics can improve preoperative diagnosis in the presence of micropapillary/solid (MPP/SOL) patterns in lung adenocarcinoma (ADC). A retrospective cohort of 514 co...

Health system-scale language models are all-purpose prediction engines.

Nature
Physicians make critical time-constrained decisions every day. Clinical predictive models can help physicians and administrators make decisions by forecasting clinical and operational events. Existing structured data-based clinical predictive models ...

Current state of radiomics in pediatric neuro-oncology practice: a systematic review.

Pediatric radiology
BACKGROUND: Radiomics is the process of converting radiological images into high-dimensional data that may be used to create machine learning models capable of predicting clinical outcomes, such as disease progression, treatment response and survival...

A machine learning model for orthodontic extraction/non-extraction decision in a racially and ethnically diverse patient population.

International orthodontics
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of the present study was to create a machine learning (ML) algorithm with the ability to predict the extraction/non-extraction decision in a racially and ethnically diverse sample.

E2EFP-MIL: End-to-end and high-generalizability weakly supervised deep convolutional network for lung cancer classification from whole slide image.

Medical image analysis
Efficient and accurate distinction of histopathological subtype of lung cancer is quite critical for the individualized treatment. So far, artificial intelligence techniques have been developed, whose performance yet remained debatable on more hetero...

A novel staging system based on deep learning for overall survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology
PURPOSE: We developed DeepSurv, a deep learning approach for predicting overall survival (OS) in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We validated and visualized the novel staging system based on DeepSurv using data from multiple ...

Neural network and spline-based regression for the prediction of salivary hypofunction in patients undergoing radiation therapy.

Radiation oncology (London, England)
BACKGROUND: This study leverages a large retrospective cohort of head and neck cancer patients in order to develop machine learning models to predict radiation induced hyposalivation from dose-volume histograms of the parotid glands.