AIMC Topic: Humans

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Emergent color categorization in a neural network trained for object recognition.

eLife
Color is a prime example of categorical perception, yet it is unclear why and how color categories emerge. On the one hand, prelinguistic infants and several animals treat color categorically. On the other hand, recent modeling endeavors have success...

Detection and localization of hyperfunctioning parathyroid glands on [F]fluorocholine PET/ CT using deep learning - model performance and comparison to human experts.

Radiology and oncology
BACKGROUND: In the setting of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT), [F]fluorocholine PET/CT (FCH-PET) has excellent diagnostic performance, with experienced practitioners achieving 97.7% accuracy in localising hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue (HPTT)...

NetBCE: An Interpretable Deep Neural Network for Accurate Prediction of Linear B-cell Epitopes.

Genomics, proteomics & bioinformatics
Identification of B-cell epitopes (BCEs) plays an essential role in the development of peptide vaccines and immuno-diagnostic reagents, as well as antibody design and production. In this work, we generated a large benchmark dataset comprising 124,879...

Predicting RNA secondary structure by a neural network: what features may be learned?

PeerJ
Deep learning is a class of machine learning techniques capable of creating internal representation of data without explicit preprogramming. Hence, in addition to practical applications, it is of interest to analyze what features of biological data m...

Multi-layer perceptron classification & quantification of neuronal survival in hypoxic-ischemic brain image slices using a novel gradient direction, grey level co-occurrence matrix image training.

PloS one
Hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) is a major global cause of neonatal death and lifelong disability. Large animal translational studies of hypoxic ischemic brain injury, such as those conducted in fetal sheep, have and continue to play a key role...

Understanding and Explaining Diagnostic Paths: Toward Augmented Decision Making.

IEEE computer graphics and applications
The process of finding a diagnosis in the medical domain relies on implicit knowledge and the experience of a human expert. In this article, we report on the observation of human decision making, shown by the example of pathology. By tracking the dia...

Epistemic Rights and Responsibilities of Digital Simulacra for Biomedicine.

The American journal of bioethics : AJOB
Big data and AI have enabled digital simulation for prediction of future health states or behaviors of specific individuals, populations or humans in general. "Digital simulacra" use multimodal datasets to develop computational models that are virtua...

Zygomatic implant placement using a robot-assisted flapless protocol: proof of concept.

International journal of oral and maxillofacial surgery
Robotic assistance can help in physically guiding the drilling trajectory during zygomatic implant positioning. A new robot-assisted strategy for a flapless zygomatic implant placement protocol is reported here. In this protocol, a preoperative compu...

Robot-assisted esophagectomy with robot-sewn intrathoracic anastomosis (Ivor Lewis): surgical technique and early results.

Updates in surgery
Esophagectomy is the selected treatment for nonmetastatic esophageal and esophagogastric junction cancer, although high perioperative morbidity and mortality incur. Robot-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) effectively reduces cardiopul...