AI Medical Compendium Topic

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Information Storage and Retrieval

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Collaborative large language models for automated data extraction in living systematic reviews.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA
OBJECTIVE: Data extraction from the published literature is the most laborious step in conducting living systematic reviews (LSRs). We aim to build a generalizable, automated data extraction workflow leveraging large language models (LLMs) that mimic...

Scalable information extraction from free text electronic health records using large language models.

BMC medical research methodology
BACKGROUND: A vast amount of potentially useful information such as description of patient symptoms, family, and social history is recorded as free-text notes in electronic health records (EHRs) but is difficult to reliably extract at scale, limiting...

ChatGPT and oral cancer: a study on informational reliability.

BMC oral health
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) and large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT have transformed information retrieval, including in healthcare. ChatGPT, trained on diverse datasets, can provide medical advice but faces ethical and accuracy co...

Large language models for data extraction from unstructured and semi-structured electronic health records: a multiple model performance evaluation.

BMJ health & care informatics
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the performance of multiple large language models (LLMs) in data extraction from unstructured and semi-structured electronic health records.

BiomedRAG: A retrieval augmented large language model for biomedicine.

Journal of biomedical informatics
Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) involves a solution by retrieving knowledge from an established database to enhance the performance of large language models (LLM). , these models retrieve information at the sentence or paragraph level, potential...

Two-Layer Retrieval-Augmented Generation Framework for Low-Resource Medical Question Answering Using Reddit Data: Proof-of-Concept Study.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: The increasing use of social media to share lived and living experiences of substance use presents a unique opportunity to obtain information on side effects, use patterns, and opinions on novel psychoactive substances. However, due to th...

AI-driven evidence synthesis: data extraction of randomized controlled trials with large language models.

International journal of surgery (London, England)
The advancement of large language models (LLMs) presents promising opportunities to enhance evidence synthesis efficiency, particularly in data extraction processes, yet existing prompts for data extraction remain limited, focusing primarily on commo...

Semi-supervised learning from small annotated data and large unlabeled data for fine-grained Participants, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes entity recognition.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA
OBJECTIVE: Extracting PICO elements-Participants, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcomes-from clinical trial literature is essential for clinical evidence retrieval, appraisal, and synthesis. Existing approaches do not distinguish the attributes of P...

RAMIE: retrieval-augmented multi-task information extraction with large language models on dietary supplements.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA
OBJECTIVE: To develop an advanced multi-task large language model (LLM) framework for extracting diverse types of information about dietary supplements (DSs) from clinical records.

Improving large language model applications in biomedicine with retrieval-augmented generation: a systematic review, meta-analysis, and clinical development guidelines.

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association : JAMIA
OBJECTIVE: The objectives of this study are to synthesize findings from recent research of retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) and large language models (LLMs) in biomedicine and provide clinical development guidelines to improve effectiveness.