AIMC Topic: Large Language Models

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Performance of Retrieval-Augmented Generation Large Language Models in Guideline-Concordant Prostate-Specific Antigen Testing: Comparative Study With Junior Clinicians.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing remains the cornerstone of early prostate cancer detection. Society guidelines for prostate cancer screening via PSA testing serve to standardize patient care and are often used by trainees, junior ...

Quantifying the speed-accuracy trade-off of large language models on oral and maxillofacial surgery multiple-choice questions.

Scientific reports
Large language models (LLMs) such as GPT-4o, Copilot and Gemini are entering dental curricula, yet their suitability for real-time decision support remains unclear because most evaluations report accuracy alone. This prospective in silico diagnostic-...

Comparative performance of large language models in answering periodontology questions from the Turkish Dental Specialty Examination: a cross-sectional study on accuracy and coverage.

BMC oral health
BACKGROUND: In recent years, several studies have explored the use of large language models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT-4, Claude, Gemini Advanced, and DeepSeek-R1 in dental education. Nevertheless, no study has yet reported a comparative evaluation of mu...

Artificial intelligence in anesthesia: comparison of the utility of ChatGPT v/s google gemini large language models in pre-anesthetic education: content, readability and sentiment analysis.

BMC anesthesiology
BACKGROUND: Large Language Models (LLMs) such as ChatGPT and Google Gemini are increasingly explored for their potential in patient education, particularly in the perioperative setting. As text-based tools trained on extensive datasets, they can gene...

Acceptance of healthcare services based on the large language model in China: a national cross-sectional study.

BMC public health
BACKGROUND: Increasing public acceptance of medical large language models will be beneficial for further leveraging their potential in reducing medical costs and improving efficiency. The objective of our research is to figure out the acceptance of h...

Exploring Body Image Awareness With a Large Language Model-Based Conversational Agent: Qualitative Study With Young Adults.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: Body image plays a crucial role in both physical and mental health, influencing self-esteem, eating behaviors, and psychological well-being. Young adults are particularly vulnerable to body dissatisfaction, defined as negative thoughts or...

Large language model as a clinical decision support tool in the initial management of critically ill children: a pilot evaluation.

European journal of pediatrics
UNLABELLED: Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT are being explored as clinical decision support tools, but their reliability in pediatric acute care remains uncertain. This pilot study assessed ChatGPT-4.0's performance in the early management ...

Embracing the Future of Medical Education With Large Language Model-Based Virtual Patients: Scoping Review.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: In recent years, large language models (LLMs) have experienced rapid development. LLM-based virtual patients have begun to gain attention, offering new opportunities for simulations in medical education.

Identifying Structure-Activity Relationships for Cyanine-Derived Antibiotics Using Machine Learning and Commercial Large Language Models.

Journal of chemical information and modeling
Understanding the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of antibiotic scaffolds is crucial for the development of antibiotics to counter the growing crisis of antimicrobial resistant bacteria. However, an overwhelming space of structural features imp...

LUMIR: an LLM-driven unified agent framework for multi-task infrared spectroscopy reasoning.

Analytica chimica acta
Infrared spectroscopy enables rapid and non-destructive characterization of chemical and material properties, yet effective analysis typically requires workflows involving preprocessing, variable selection, and modeling. The construction and optimiza...