IEEE reviews in biomedical engineering
Jan 5, 2023
Eye behaviour provides valuable information revealing one's higher cognitive functions and state of affect. Although eye tracking is gaining ground in the research community, it is not yet a popular approach for the detection of emotional and cogniti...
Currently there are no reliable biomarkers for early detection of Alzheimer's disease (AD) at the preclinical stage. This study assessed the pupil light reflex (PLR) for focal red and blue light stimuli in central and peripheral retina in 125 cogniti...
Strong evidence from studies on primates and rodents shows that changes in pupil diameter may reflect neural activity in the locus coeruleus (LC). Pupillometry is the only available non-invasive technique that could be used as a reliable and easily a...
The size of one's pupil can indicate one's physical condition and mental state. When we search related papers about AI and the pupil, most studies focused on eye-tracking. This paper proposes an algorithm that can calculate pupil size based on a conv...
Pupil segmentation is critical for line-of-sight estimation based on the pupil center method. Due to noise and individual differences in human eyes, the quality of eye images often varies, making pupil segmentation difficult. In this paper, we propos...
Pupillary alterations in virtual humans induce neurophysiological responses within an observer. Technological advances have enabled rapid developments in artificial intelligence (AI), from verbal systems, to visual AI interfaces with the ability to e...
Although research has made significant findings in the neurophysiological process behind the pupillary light reflex, the temporal prediction of the pupil diameter triggered by polychromatic or chromatic stimulus spectra is still not possible. State o...
As the demand for human-friendly computing increases, research on pupil tracking to facilitate human-machine interactions (HCIs) is being actively conducted. Several successful pupil tracking approaches have been developed using images and a deep neu...
Various methods have been used to estimate the pupil location within an image or a real-time video frame in many fields. However, these methods lack the performance specifically in low-resolution images and varying background conditions. We propose a...
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