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Wings, Animal

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Experimental and numerical studies of beetle-inspired flapping wing in hovering flight.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
In this paper, we measure unsteady forces and visualize 3D vortices around a beetle-like flapping wing model in hovering flight by experiment and numerical simulation. The measurement of unsteady forces and flow patterns around the wing were conducte...

An aerodynamic model for insect flapping wings in forward flight.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
This paper proposes a semi-empirical quasi-steady aerodynamic model of a flapping wing in forward flight. A total of 147 individual cases, which consisted of advance ratios J of 0 (hovering), 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1 and  ∞, and angles of attack α o...

Flow separation on flapping and rotating profiles with spanwise gradients.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
The growth of leading-edge vortices (LEV) on analogous flapping and rotating profiles has been investigated experimentally. Three time-varying cases were considered: a two-dimensional reference case with a spanwise-uniform angle-of-attack variation α...

A review of compliant transmission mechanisms for bio-inspired flapping-wing micro air vehicles.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
Flapping-wing micro air vehicles (FWMAVs) are a class of unmanned aircraft that imitate flight characteristics of natural organisms such as birds, bats, and insects, in order to achieve maximum flight efficiency and manoeuvrability. Designing proper ...

Fruit fly scale robots can hover longer with flapping wings than with spinning wings.

Journal of the Royal Society, Interface
Hovering flies generate exceptionally high lift, because their wings generate a stable leading edge vortex. Micro flying robots with a similar wing design can generate similar high lift by either flapping or spinning their wings. While it requires le...

Artificial Neural Network applied as a methodology of mosquito species identification.

Acta tropica
There are about 200 species of mosquitoes (Culicidae) known to be vectors of pathogens that cause diseases in humans. Correct identification of mosquito species is an essential step in the development of effective control strategies for these disease...

Analytical model and stability analysis of the leading edge spar of a passively morphing ornithopter wing.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
This paper presents the stability analysis of the leading edge spar of a flapping wing unmanned air vehicle with a compliant spine inserted in it. The compliant spine is a mechanism that was designed to be flexible during the upstroke and stiff durin...

The effect of aspect ratio on the leading-edge vortex over an insect-like flapping wing.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
Insect wing shapes are diverse and a renowned source of inspiration for the new generation of autonomous flapping vehicles, yet the aerodynamic consequences of varying geometry is not well understood. One of the most defining and aerodynamically sign...

A tool for developing an automatic insect identification system based on wing outlines.

Scientific reports
For some insect groups, wing outline is an important character for species identification. We have constructed a program as the integral part of an automated system to identify insects based on wing outlines (DAIIS). This program includes two main fu...

An improved quasi-steady aerodynamic model for insect wings that considers movement of the center of pressure.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
A quasi-steady aerodynamic model in consideration of the center of pressure (C.P.) was developed for insect flight. A dynamically scaled-up robotic hawkmoth wing was used to obtain the translational lift, drag, moment and rotational force coefficient...